30 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



Specimens of several of the more interesting species have been 

 deposited in the British Museum. 



Pieris (Ganoris) brassicae, L. — February 25th, Resht ; May 28th, 

 June 6th, Enzeli, single specimens. I made a point of trying to catch 

 every " white " I saw, and believe this species was uncommon. It is 

 probably confined to the forest region, so far as Persia is concerned ; 

 all records to date suggest this. 



Pieris napi, L. — One female, June 80th, Enzeli. This also 

 appeared to be rare. The underside is entirely unveined, the dark tip 

 of the forewing (upperside) is continued down the termen, and is 

 united to the upper spot by black lines passing along two nervures ; 

 black scaling along the marginal termination of the nervures of the 

 upperside, hindwing, is well marked. 



Pieris rapae, L. var. crucivora, Btlr. — June 6th-30th. A long 

 series of both sexes, Enzeli. This is by far my most interesting 

 capture ; the specimens cannot be distinguished from crucivora from 

 China and Japan, a race which has been recorded from localities in 

 Western China, but never, I think, further west than that. " P. 

 rapae" was recorded by Menetries (1832) from Lenkoran, which is 

 close to, but not in, the great forest, but I think the species has not 

 yet been recorded in any form from the afforested provinces Gilan and 

 Mazandaran. The specimens vary considerably, but the dusky scaling 

 along the basal half of the costa is always considerable in both sexes ; 

 in the females it may be so extended as to involve the whole basal 

 third, or half, of the wing, and to appear as a faint cloud uniting the 

 apical mark to the two post-discal spots. In females the dark tip is 

 often so suffused with white scales as to be broadly grey all along its 

 costal side. 



The males vary in expanse, 52mm. -62mm. ; the females, 60mm.- 

 64mm. It is remarkable that this species was never taken till 

 June 6th ; I do not think an earlier brood can have been overlooked. 

 The insects were commoner in the woods than in gardens, and flew 

 low over the ground in open places where flowers grow. They were 

 more easy to catch than the ordinary form of rapae generally is. Dr. 

 F. A. Dixey has been good enough to examine my specimens : he 

 agrees that they cannot be separated from crucivora from the Far 

 East. 



Ant/iocharis gruneri, H. var. armeniaca, Christ. — March 27th, 

 Menjil, 3,000ft. Males were common in a gorge above Menjil, among 

 thick bushes and spring flowers. The country round Menjil is stony 

 desert, and for that reason I have not included my captures in this 

 paper. On this particular day I walked far enough to cross the 

 extremely sharp line which separates desert and woodland, and in the 

 woodland I obtained this species. 



Le Cerf records " Anthocharis cardamines, L. var. phoenissa, 

 Kalchb. f. umbrosa, Culot," from Teng-rir (I am unable to locate this 

 place), and remarks that its racial characters give it somewhat the 

 appearance of some forms of A. gruneri, H.-S. My specimen, how- 

 ever, is, without doubt, A. gruneri var. armeniaca. 



Gonepteryx rhamni, L. — February 18th-March 20th, Resht. Both 

 sexes in worn condition. All records given by Le Cerf suggest that 

 this is a species confined in Persia to the extreme north, except for an 

 old record of Kollar from " S. Persia." This is possibly due to some 

 error. 



