142 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



Here I must disagree with even so great an authority on Near 

 Eastern lepidopterous distribution as Professor Eebel. The first 15 

 of the 32 species in question are Ehopalocera. Of these certainly 

 Pieris krueperi, Melitaea arduinna, Brenthis daphne, Satyrus circe, S. 

 ■ bero'e and S. anthelea with Cigaritis cilissa have not been recorded for 

 Syria S. of the Amanus. M. collina, another of the 15, is a little 

 known species and I may be trusting wrongly to my memory or be 

 referring to wrongly determined specimens when I say that I think 

 that specimens from Beirut are in the British National collection in S. 

 Kensington. I have taken something very similar to Glaucopsyche 

 (Lycaena) celestina on the summit of th3 Dahr El Khodib Range 

 (10,000 feet) in the N. Lebanon. Thestor nogelii occurs at Dlibta near 

 Ghazir in the Lebanon. I have a specimen from there. As for the 

 Lycaenids Plebeius s.ephyrus, Polyommatiis amandus, and Hirsutina. 

 admetus, which Dr. Rebel says do not go further S. than the Amanus, 

 both Mrs. M. de la B. Nicholl and the writer have taken all three at 

 many Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon localities. Miss Fountaine and I 

 have both taken L. poseidon at the Cedars of Lebanon — my specimens 

 were determined by Dr. Chapman — and C. (Loweia) dorilis is recorded 

 from the Lebanon by Mrs. Nicholl and has been more recently taken 

 by the writer at Ain Zahalta. 



Another criticism may be made here. Is Professor Rebel right in 

 speaking of Satyrus syriaca as a slightly differentiated form of S. 

 hermione ? t should have thought that the male genitalia as described 

 and figured by M. Jullien, Bull. Soc. hep. Geneve, i., pp. 361-365, and 

 Plate no. 12 are sufficiently different from those of hermione to justify 

 the separation of the two as specifically distinct forms. I may note 

 here that all " hermione " from Constantinople and Bithynia in my 

 collection have, when males, the conformation of syriaca. Dr. Rebel 

 still describes boeticus, Rbr., as a race of Garcharodus (Erynnis) altheae. 

 He gives Hesperia malvoides, Elw. & Edw., as being among the 88 

 Grypocera and Rhopalocera taken by Professor Tolg. The reader is 

 entitled to ask whether this species has been determined by examina- 

 tion of the male genitalia for it is believed by many of us that very 

 few lepidopterists, perhaps only Professor Reverdin of Geneva, can 

 determine malvoides without such examination. 



To revert to an earlier criticism Professor Rebel is probably right 

 in describing the Amanus as faunistically a part of the Taurus, rather 

 than of the Syrian mountain system, though one cannot accept all the 

 arguments by which he arrives at this conclusion. For the rest 

 Professor Tolg's work will be very useful for future explorers of the 

 Amanus, which, since it lies for the most part within the " Confine 

 Militaires " of French Syria, will probably be pacified one day and is 

 already being supplied with more than one decent road. But may I 

 urge intending explorers to beware of malaria at any point below 2000 

 feet above sea level. I spent two days at Alexandretta this spring and 

 heard enough to be convinced that even the notorious Struma valley 

 is at present run hard by the N. Syrian port as a fever centre. Still 

 General Gouraud proposes to drain the Alexandretta marshes and when 

 that is done the Amanus foothills will be as salubrious as those of 

 Mount Lebanon. — P.P.'G. 



British Orthoptera. By W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S. (Ray Society). 



