172 the entomologist's record. 



and I had wrongly stated at page 14. The following are a few notes 

 suggested by the material obtained last year : — : 



Nisoni'ades id'ges, L., race subclarus, mihi, second gen. subclarus, 

 mihi. — Whilst collecting this species at Atzwang, Waidbruck, Meran 

 and other very hot localities of S. Tyrol, during the end of July and 

 in August I was struck by the fact that there never occurred in that 

 region the extremely pale form with brownish-grey upperside and 

 yellowish-grey underside which in Central and Southern Italy 

 predominates in the second generation of the hottest and dryest 

 localities, and is always more or less frequent in that generation and 

 which I take to be clams, Caradja. The specimens I have collected in 

 the low localities of Tyrol mentioned above are, however, always 

 slightly more brownish and paler, and often markedly more so, than 

 the series I possess, collected by Wagner in the same localities in 

 April and May ; these are of a colder tone and usually darker and with 

 a sharper contrast between the whitish and the blackish areas. I 

 conclude that, as in the case of all the species of S. Tyrol, this race 

 belongs to the group of Central Europe. Tutt's descriptions of the 

 various " drab-brown " forms seems to suit the second generation, but 

 each of his names is limited to one of the individual forms it produces ; 

 an inclusive name, comprising them all, is necessary, and I suggest 

 that of subclarus. As the second generation characterises the races 

 and the first generation seems to be more or less identical in the 

 whole of Europe, just as I have proposed to use the name of clams, 

 Caradja, for the race of Peninsular Italy, I now suggest that of 

 subclarus for the races of Central Europe, similar to the one of S. 

 Tyrol, in which the second generation is different from the first, but 

 less so than in clams. I do not know how far Tutt can be right in 

 including the nymotypical tages amongst the "drab-brown" forms. 

 The Scandinavian race must be taken as nymotypical, because the 

 first quotation of Linneus is : " Fauna Suecica 1082 " and the colour 

 of " fuscis," be gives, translates into dark brown or black, surely by 

 far the most frequent, if not the only colour, in such a northern race, 

 where the second generation does not exist, as stated by Tutt himself 

 at page 284. It seems to me there can be no doubt the first genera- 

 tion and the single generation, which are quite alike, should be 

 considered the nymotypical one. The specimens left to us by Linneus 

 belong to the form brunnea- alcaides of Tutt, and thus to this author's 

 "Warm fuliginous-brown" group of forms; they were, however, 

 probably of a much colder tone of grey when fresh, because tages 

 becomes brown with age in collections. 



Hesperia cdrthami, Hub., race specjosa, mihi. — The race collected 

 by Wagner in the Isarco Valley, in South Tyrol, differs in the most 

 striking way from the series I possess from the Baths of Valdieri 

 (Maritime Alps), from the Sibillini Mts. (Central Italy), and from the 

 Calabrian Coast Range, which on the contrary are perfectly similar to 

 each other in quite a surprising way, considering how different those 

 surroundings are. On looking up Hiibner's figure I found it corres- 

 ponds exactly to this second race; unfortunately no text exists to 

 inform us as to the source of his type. The race of S. Tyrol differs 

 most constantly from it by the following characters and not one 



