190 THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. 



known case made from a grass leaf, in which it has been found by 

 many entomologists. Though Salvia pratensis was strongly suspected 

 to be its first food plant, I believe that the early life of C. omatipennella 

 has not hitherto been recorded. The species is common round Zurich, 

 as I have found the eggs in several localities. The closely allied 0. 

 lixella is scarce here according to Frey, and I have been unable to find 

 it. It is supposed to make its first case out of a calyx of thyme. I 

 hope someone in England, where it is common in several places, will 

 soon give an account of its early history, which must differ somewhat 

 from that above described, on account of the small size of the seeds and 

 calyx of thyme as compared with those of Salvia. 



Seasonal Polymorphism and Races of some European Grypocera 

 and Rhopalocera. 



By ROGER VERITY, M.D. 

 (Continued from page 176.) 

 Agriades amandus, Schneider ; race apenninogenita, mihi ; and 

 race bruttia, mihi. — I have tried to work out the geographical variation 

 of this species, to identify and classify series from various localities I 

 possess, but I must say the result is not as satisfactory as in most 

 cases. It is quite noteworthy how in this case there are no character- 

 istics proper to the different regions, permitting one to group the races. 

 The various features do not vary from one race to another in a parallel 

 way, but afford every possible combination, so that one finds no 

 definite line or lines of variation, as in most species. The following 

 notes will show what I mean. I do not know the original description, 

 but Esper informs us he has received a specimen from Schneider 

 himself, collected in the " Swedish provinces " and I infer the 

 Scandinavian race is the nymotypical one. Esper figures a male of a 

 very unusual form, with a brilliant light blue colour and a very thin 

 black streak along the outer margin just as in icams, Rott., but no 

 signs of the usual diffused band ; underside darkish grey ; orange 

 lunules prominent. Curiously enough, the only race that this figure 

 can be said to represent accurately, amongst those I possess, is the one 

 of the lowest localities of amandus in Tuscany, such as the Mt. Conca, 

 m. 400, and other hills near Florence. Rostagno [Bull. Soc. Zool. 

 Ital., xi., p. 53 (1911)] had described this race from the neighbourhood 

 of Rome under the name of splendida, comparing it to the Alpine race 

 which he considered nymotypical. Until a series from Scandinavia 

 is available I cannot say whether his name will be of any use or not, 

 but it seems unlikely races of such different climates should be 

 altogether identical. The race which comes nearest to this is isias, 

 Frhst. [Soc. Ent., xxv., p. 47 (1910)] , from Moulinet, near Men tone, 

 of the same colour, but larger, with a faint and narrow marginal 

 shadow, a much whiter underside and. very extensive orange lunules. 

 Similar to it, but with a slightly darker colouring on both surfaces is 

 the race of Polleca, m. 700, in the Aurunci Mts. in Southern Latium. 

 I should next place the race of the high mountains of Central Italy, 

 which I have from Bolognola in the Sibillini, m. 1200, and also, in a 

 slightly darker form, approaching liisp>alis, from Mt. Sumbra, m. 1200, 

 in the Alpi Apuani. In size it is like sjolendida, in colour distinctly 

 darker, being of a deeper and less brilliant blue on upperside and of a 



