66 THE entomologist's record. 



of the different additions. These were made in the usual place along- 

 the " keel " side, and also the cases were lengthened at both ends, but 

 more at the anal end than at the mouth opening end. Thus, at each 

 enlargement, there was a necessity for new valves to be formed for the 

 anal opening of the case, and, before these were made, the cases usually^ 

 had a circular opening for several days, while the rest of the case wa^ 

 being put straight. On close examination one can see the remains of 

 the old valves showing dark against the new white addition. In the 

 case of this species, I paid particular attention to note that the new 

 substance was only put in along the underside and at the ends ; the 

 cases were never slit along the back for the purpose of enlargement. 

 Although these larvae started well, they gradually seemed to dwindle,, 

 they fed slower and slower, and scarcely moved, so that, on June 6th,. 

 many were still small, and most of the larger ones had dropped. Then 

 I found more than one species of enemy ; some of the cases were gnawed 

 asunder, and numerous minute parasites appeared. A week from home 

 left the plants unwatered, thus almost ending the hope of any success 

 as far as that brood was concerned. However, as it happened, I did 

 get two imagines early in July from the cage, one had been out some 

 days, and the other was quite fresh when discovered. On May 30th, I 

 received a few more cases through the kindness of Mr. Bacot, from Essex. 

 They, too, were met with on Inula dysenterica. The larval description 

 I made reads : 



The general ground colour of the larva was very pale dirty yellowish. The 

 prothoracic segment had an extremely large black dorsal plate almost uniting with 

 the spiracular plate ; it was not divided down the middle by a suture. The meso- 

 thoracic segment had two oval plates separated by a somewhat pronounced suture 

 (in one larva examined the left hand plate was divided by an oblique suture into 2). 

 The metdthoracic segment had two dot plates widely apart. The spiracular plates 

 were larger than the dot plates on segment 3. The anal plate was large, covering 

 the whole top of the segment. The head was light, and only a little darker than 

 the rest of the body. 



Synopsis of the Orthoptera of Western Europe. 



By MALCOLM BUEE, B.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.E.S. 

 (Continued from vol. xviii., p. 44.) 



3. PoDisMA PEDESTRE, Linn. 



In the same group as P. alpinuiit, but the hind tibiae are bright 

 shining blue ; the elytra lobiform, ovate, as broad as long. Length of 

 body, 17mm. -19mm. (^ , 24mm. -30mm. J ; of pronotum, 5mm.- 

 5-drixm.^ , 6'3mm.-5-8mm. 5 ; of elytra, 3mm.-4mm. <?, 3-5mm.- 

 5mm. ? . 



Common in the highlands of Central Europe. In Finland, in 

 Germany, in Holstein, and also in the mountains of central and southern 

 Germany. In France, in nearly all the mountains, usually above 3000ft., 

 e.g., in Dauphiny ; in Switzerland in the Wengeralp, Rhone glacier. In the 

 south Tirol, at Innsbruck, Schlern, Traunstein, near Vienna ; in Sardinia, 

 and the Abruzzi in Italy. In Denmark it is recorded from Jutland. In 

 Scandinavia, in Schonen and Smaland in Sweden, Skane, Gottland, 

 middle Sweden ; in Lapland at Tornea, Vesterbotten, Norland in 

 Norway, and Finmark. A rare form with fully developed organs of 

 flight is sometimes taken. In Spain, the type occurs in the Pyrenees, 

 Sierra del Cadi, Vallcebre, Panticosa, and the Picos de Europa. A var. 



