A STUDY OF THE BRITISH LYC^NIDES. 131 



1816. Zephyeus, Dalman. — Type fixed by Dalman as betulae, therefore falls 

 as a synonym of Tlieda, Fab., and Ruralis, [Linne,] Barbut. 



1816. AuROTis, Dalman. — Dalman's section of Zephyrus containing betulae, 

 therefore falls as a synonym of Zephyrus, Dalm., Thecla, Fab., smd Ruralis, 

 [Linne,] Barbut. 



1816. Heodes, Dalman. — Only virgaureae cited in the generic synopsis 

 (p. 63), therefore this is the type. 



1816. Cyaniris, Dalman. — Only argianus ( = semiargus) cited in the generic 

 synopsis (p. 63), therefore this is the type. 



1817. Aricia, E. L. — Created for Oehsenheimer's fam. A, the "blues." 

 Used by Herrich-Schaffer in 1839 for agestis {astrarche), which must, therefore, be 

 taken as the type. 



1817. Chrysopteea, Zincken. — Created for Oehsenheimer's fam. 8 and fam. 

 9, "coppers" and " hairstreaks." Virgaureae should be taken as the type, this 

 being the species of which the larva was best known to Schiffermiiller and 

 Ochsenheimer, both of whom use the larval characters in their diagnosis of the 

 section. Falls as a synonym of Heodes, Dalm. 



1818 circa. Hameakis, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Type designated lucina by 

 Curtis in 1830, confirmed by Westwood in 1840. 



1818 circa. Nomiades, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Eestricted by Stephens in 

 1835 to acis, alsus, alcon and avion. Type fixed in 1873 by Scudder as semiargus 

 (acis). Therefore falls as a synonym of Cyaniris, Dalman. 



1818 circa. Agriades, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Restricted by Stephens in 

 1835 to argiolus, corydon, adonis, alexis, agestis, dorylas and icarius. Doubtfully 

 restricted further in 1858 by Kirby to corydon and astrarche {agestis) . Stephens' 

 restriction renders Scudder's action, in 1875, of fixing orbitulus as type, ultra 

 vires. We would suggest corydon as type. 



1818 circa. Lyc^ides, Hiibner. — Contains argus (argyrognomon) the type of 

 Hiibner's genus Eusticits, of which it is therefore a synonym. Falls also before 

 Plebeius. 



1818 circa. Eveees, Hiibner. — Created for amyntas (argiades) and its var. 

 polysperchon. Argiades is therefore the type. 



1818 circa. Lampides, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Used in 1869 by Newman 

 for boeticus. Confirmed by Kirby in 1896. 



1818 circa. Chrysophanus, Hiibner.— Heterotypical. Eestricted in 1841 by 

 Westwood to phlaeas, hippothoe and virgaureae. Type fixed in 1875 by Scudder 

 as hippothoe. 



1818 circa. Scolitantides, Hiibner. — Created for battus, Hb. (orion. Pall.), 

 and hylas, Hb. (baton, Bergs.). Type fixed in 1896 by Kirby as orion. 



1818 circa. Thestor, Hiibner. — Erected for protumnus and ballus. Eestricted 

 by Lederer in 1857 to ballus, excluding protumnus ; ballus therefore becomes type. 

 Used also thus in 1861 by Staudinger. 



1818 circa. Lycus, Hiibner. — Type fixed in 1835 by Stephens as rubi, but 

 the name preoccupied from 1787 (in Coleoptera). 



1818 circa. Bithys, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Eestricted in 1835 by Stephens 

 to qiiercus, and confirmed by him in 1850 ; this is, therefore, the type. 



1818 circa. Strymon, Hiibner. — Heterotypical. Eestricted in 1835 by Stephens 

 to pruni, betulae, w-album and spini. Scudder's action, therefore, in 1872, in 

 fixing titus as type is ultra vires. We would suggest i^rimi as type. 



1820. Callophrys, Billberg.— Type fixed in 1875 as rubi by Scudder. 



1827. Nemeobius, Stephens. — Created for lucina, sole species and therefore 

 type. Falls as a synonym of Haviearis. 



1828. PiTHECops, Horsfield. — Heterotypical. Horsfield described hylax at 

 length, citing also alsus, lysimon, pheretes and daman. We consider hijlax 

 Horsfield's type. 



1839. ToMARES, Eambur. — Created for ballus; sole species and therefore 

 type. Falls as a synonym of Thestor, Hb. 



1858. Lffiosopis, Eambur. — Created for roboris ; sole species and therefore 

 type. 



1881. ZizEEA, Moore. — Type fixed by Moore as minima, therefore falls as a 

 synonym of Cupido. 



Two genera will apparently be wanted to complete are study of the 

 group. For these we suggest : — 



Celasteina, n. gen. — Type argiolus. 

 RuMiciA, n. gen. — Type phlaeas. 



