182 THE entomologist's record. 



The long slender larva of Eupithecia irriguata is to be found in May 

 and June on oak, more rarely on beech, making its cocoon under bark 

 or moss on the trunk of a tree. 



The imago of Eupithecia irriguata, at the end of April and through- 

 out May, sits during the daytime on the branches or trunk of an oak-tree 

 (more rarely on a fence close to oak woods), from which it can be 

 readily disturbed. Its usual time of flight is at dusk, but its habit of 

 flying about large trees makes it very difficult to capture at that time. 



The larva of Eupithecia pusillata is to be beaten from trees of 

 spruce-fir, in June and early July ; sometimes in considerable 

 numbers. 



The imago of Eupithecia pusillata rests by day, in May and June, 

 upon the branches of spruce-fir, from which it may be readily 

 disturbed by the beating-stick ; its natural time of flight is in the 

 late evening, towards night. 



The long slender larva of Eupithecia nanata is to be found in June 

 and July, and again in August and September, on Calluna vulgaris., 

 feeding on both flowers and leaves. It is usually swept when working 

 for larvfe of the heath-feeding species. 



The imago of Eupithecia nanata is to be found from April to June, 

 and again in August and September, on heaths and mosses, hiding by 

 day among the heather, but it is a restless species, easily disturbed, 

 and taking flight as one walks through the herbage ; at dusk it flies 

 freely. 



(To be continued.) 



Synopsis of the Orthoptera of Western Europe. 



By MALCOLM BUEK, B.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.E.S. 



(Continued from vol. xviii., p. 129). 



Division III : Locustodea. 



This large division falls naturally into a considerable number of 

 families, some of which are very extensive, but several are not represented 

 in Europe. 



The division is characterised by the long setaceous antennae, by the 

 long exserted ovipositor of the female, by the four segmented tarsi, by 

 the auditory apparatus situated in the anterior tibiae (as also in the 

 Gryllodea or crickets), and by the form of the elytra and stridulating 

 apparatus ; this latter is situated in the anal angle of the elytra, which 

 is modified in the male, and the stridulation is produced by the friction 

 of these modified parts ; in certain groups, as in the Ephippigeridae, 

 the female also is able to stridulate, but, as a rule, we find the female 

 possessed of ordinary elytra. The neuration of the elytra is less developed 

 than in the preceding division, and offers few characters of systematic 

 value ; the most important part is the anal or axillary area, which 

 forms the stridulation organ of the males. 



In the female, the axillary vein, or vena plicata, consists of two 

 straight veins, of which the anterior one is usually fused with the 

 dividing vein, but, in the male, this simple arrangement is quite 

 altered, and is different in the two elytra. In the left elytron, which, 

 in repose, covers the anal part of the right elytron, there is a strong 

 and thick vein near the base, which is seen to be strongly denticulated 

 when examined under a microscope ; near this vein, and parallel with 



