188 THE entomologist's record. 



migrating from, roughly, south to north. It was curious, whilst 

 standing at a cross-road near the house, to see them coming, one after 

 another, and sometimes three or four at a time, to cross the roads 

 diagonally, from a large garden fenced by a high wire-net fence, to a 

 rough field on the other side, across which they continued their flight. 

 They pass by hundreds through the city (which is laid out in squares) 

 following the streets from south to north, and I have often noticed 

 that, if diverted into a street running east and west, they rise, and fly 

 over the houses. P. ean/e is always, I believe, to be seen migrating at 

 the proper time of flight for this species, I'.e., in the spring, and the 

 direction of flight is then from north to south, i.e., in a direction 

 opposite to that of the autumnal movement of J. lavinia, described 

 above. — A. F. Bayne, F.E.S., Gerencia, Ferro Carril del Sud, Buenos 

 Ayres. May ith, 1906. 



Lepidoptera on the Cotteswolds. — ^On June 10th, a very hot 

 morning, I walked to the top of the nearest Cotteswold hill, 800ft. 

 elevation, and, while resting on a very varied vernal carpet of wild 

 flowers, found a pair of CUipirlo minima, in copula, near my elbow, and 

 a freshly emerged one, with wings just expanded, within arm's reach. 

 A careful search below it discovered its pupa-case, about half-an-inch 

 from the ground (subsoil of Inferior Oolite), and attached to a dead 

 grass stem. This is the first time I have found the pupa-case of this 

 fairly common, but local species, here, hence it gave me great pleasure 

 to see it in its natural condition. The pair in cop. I have placed in 

 a roomy box with flowers of its foodplant, kidney vetch, hoping to 

 obtain eggs. As yet, I have only seen one Polyommatus icariis, and no 

 ('elafitrina argiolus this spring. Fhichlik cardamines seems to be scarcer 

 than in some years. Aglais urticac very abundant, and its fullfed larvse 

 now common, while Pyrameis cardui, strongest of fliers, is now in 

 evidence after several years' absence to me, and I think we shall have 

 a '^ cardui" year. Adscita geryon is just out on the flowers of its food- 

 plant, the lovely rockrose. Larvas of Nudaria mundana were not 

 uncommon on an upland dry stone icall, and puzzling the novice as to its 

 foodplant ! Some species of insects and plants are fully three weeks 

 late this season. I also saw the local pretty Hamearis lucina, in its 

 fluttering flight last week. — C. J. Watkins, F.E.S., Kingsmill House, 

 Painswick, Gloucester. June lOtlt, 1906. 



Immigration of Pyrameis cardui. — ^On June Brd and 4th, I saw 

 specimens of Pyrameis cardui flying swiftly in the streets at Lewisham 

 and Lady well, one or two others were seen on Paul's Cray Common on 

 the 4th, and another at Ladywell on the 6th. So far as one could tell 

 of insects on the wing, they were rather large examples, and of 

 distinctly pale coloration. — J. W. Tutt, 119, Westcombe Hill, S.E. 

 Jmie 1th, 1906. 



We are evidently in for a good Vanessid year, for the imagines of 

 Pyrameis cardui were swarming at Folkestone on June 4th, whilst the 

 larvae of Aglais vrticae abounded at the same time and place. I may 

 add that Qupido minima, Agriades bellargus, Polyommatus icarus and 

 Aricia astrarche were all just emerging on this date. — C. J. Pickett, 

 F.E.S., 99, Dawlish Road, Leyton, Essex. June 1th, 1905. 



Habits of Nisoniades tages. — Yesterday was the first day since 

 the 19th that has been sufficiently bright to entice forth butterflies. 

 Tiie morning was very dull, but, by midday, the sun was shining 



