NOTES ON COLLECTING. 291 



year. I have already given an account of immigrant Pyrameis cardui 

 {anteh). On July 4tli, at Dover, I found quite a number of 

 colonies of larvfe of Aglais iirticae, some nearly fullgrown, and 

 scattered over the nettles, and others quite small and still in webs. 

 At Llandudno and the neighbourhood, from July 15th- July 28th, I saw 

 about half-a-dozen A. urticae ; one specimen at Penmaenmawr, on 

 July 2'ith, which settled on the path, in brilliant sunshine, with wings 

 expanded, allowed me to pillbox it, without attempting to move. On 

 July 30th, at Three Bridges, Susses, I came across a very large colony 

 of A, urticae larvte on nettles, in all stages, from very small to fullfed, 

 and also one pupa hanging from a nettle, the whole of which was of a 

 brilliant gold colour, without any markings, this eventually produced 

 between 40 and 50 small metallic green flies. On August 4th, I went 

 to Eastbourne for fourteen days. On the 8th, I found a number of 

 pupte hanging from copings, and, at Brighton, on the'9th, I also found 

 them plentiful in the same position. These, together with the Three 

 Bridges pupte, produced imagines from August lOth-August 20th, 

 quite 50%, however, produced the small metallic green flies. I kept a 

 sharp look-out at Beachy Head and elsewhere for Pyrameis cardui, but 

 saw none at Eastbourne during my stay. At Newhaven, however, I 

 saw three specimens, freshly emerged, on August 14th, not so lively as 

 one would expect, as, in brilliant sunshine, I managed to capture two 

 of them under my panama, and from thence transferred them to pill- 

 boxes, where they sat perfectly quiet. On August 12th, I saw my first 

 and only Pyrameis atalanta during my visit. It was busily drinking 

 at a puddle in the centre of the town. On August 19th, the day of 

 my return to London, I noticed a very worn J specimen of Va.nessa to, 

 together with three Aglais urticae, in my garden, busily engaged at 

 flowers of scabious. They remained all day, and every day up to the 

 22nd, when they were joined by another J F. io, in better condition, 

 but chipped. I netted the latter to examine it, and, in doing so, 

 frightened the other one away ; and, on releasing this one, which was 

 full of ova, it also flew off, and I did not see them again. I should 

 further mention that a specimen of Fiumicia phlaeas also haunted these 

 flowers at the same time. This is the first occasion on which I have 

 seen either R. phlaeas or V. io in my garden. The A. urticae con- 

 tinued to visit the garden till I left, on September 1st, for a fourteen days' 

 stay at Margate. Here, on September 2nd, I found P. cardui very plenti- 

 ful at lucerne flowers. At the edge of the patch, the lucerne had grown 

 to twice the height of the rest in the field, and formed a border six inches 

 wide. To this border the insects paid their attention, imbibing the 

 sweets, and, every now and then, taking a short flight into a potato 

 patch adjoining, and returning again without settling, I found that, 

 with one or two exceptions, they were all 2 s, and the majority in good 

 condition, only one or two chipped, and some quite fresh. They were 

 there every day till September 11th, when a sharp attack of cholic put 

 an end to my observations and collecting. On September 7th, I took, 

 at the same place, three P. atalanta, in good condition, and on the 9th, 

 another quite freshly emerged. During this time I saw a dozen A. 

 urticae, and it was here that I took a S' Heliothis peltigera, reported ' 

 elsewhere, and also two Sesia stellatarum . I made frequent excursions 

 to other parts of the field, but to no purpose, although it was at the centre 

 where I took my Colias edusa. I fancy the reason the insects kept to 



