^00 THE entomologist's EECOED. 



compare it with the series in my cabinet, I find that it is undoubtedh 

 ot the summer form, for the black marginal cloud extends far enough 

 along the costal margin to touch the discoidal spot, which I believe i^ 

 never the case in the spring brood. 



Structural details of the pupa of Heliothis peltigera. 



By A. W. BACOT, F.E.S. 



The following notes are made from an empty pupa-case received 

 from Mr A. Sich. The pupa is that of a female, the sexual organs 

 bemg moderately distinct, bat not in any way conspicuous. Leno-fch 

 15mm., exclusive of the anal spikes, which are 1mm. in length the 

 greatest diameter is just over 4mm. at the 4th abdominal segment 

 ventro-dorsally, where the haustellum and other appendage-covers 

 rise into a more or less pronounced keel. In lateral direction I judo-e 

 that the diameter would be somewhat less than 4mm. These 

 measurements are, however, open to some doubt, as there has been 

 considerable shrinkage and contortion after dehiscence, especially as 

 regards the wmg and appendix shield, as well as general extension in 

 length. The structure is fragile, the pupal envelope being formed of 

 transparent brown chitin. In shape it is long and slender, with a 

 gradual taper m both directions with rounded extremities, the head 

 end inclining more to a pointed form than the anus. 



The case is cylindrical, save where the wings and appendage-shield 

 cover m the ventral area, and where the thoracic segments rise in the 

 form of a gothic arch instead of the usual rounded arch. There is a. 

 distinct, if slight, angular ridge formed along the mediodorsal line on 

 the thoracic segments. The 4th abdominal segment is raised markedly 

 above the level of the 5th in ventral direction, there is, however no 

 extension of the haustellum and leg-covers beyond the wing-cases 

 which end just short of the incision between the 4th and 5th abdo- 

 minal segments. 



The contour of the anal end is very even, broken only by the raised 

 lip-like edge of the anal scar, and the slightly pronounced bases of the 

 two slender terminal spines which form its armature. These spines 

 have their bases a slight distance apart, and gradually converge in a 

 lateral direction until their tips actually cross, they have, also, a slight 

 ventral curve ; one has the exceedingly slender tip slightly recurved in 

 the opposite direction, but the right spine is without this slender 

 extension, or has had it broken. The spiracles are large and prominent 

 narrow ovals, somewhat raised, and with the surrounding surface 

 slightly depressed, especially posteriorly, on the free segments, the scar 

 on the 8th is a mere seam, and but slightly raised. 



The head and appendage- shield consist of the ventral headpiece, 

 and outside this the rather large glazed eye ; centrally, there is a small' 

 somewhat raised, labrum ; beneath these are the broad bases of the 

 haustellum covers, which rapidly taper and extend to the end of the 

 shield ; between the bases of the haustellum there is a small slip which 

 probably represents the labial palpi. The tips of the third tarsi'appear 

 beneath the wings, alongside the tips of the haustellum. The tips of 

 the second extend to about the middle of the 4th abdominal, the tips 

 of the antennae to the end of the 3rd abdominal, and the tips of the first 

 legs to about mid distance down the shield. A narrow slip of the 



