Congenital Anomalies of the Heart 25 



fossa ovalis, "An exaggeration of a state of affairs not usually 

 recorded as abnormal, viz., the presence of a reticula proceeding 

 from the margins of the valve of the foramen ovale." Williams 

 & Abrekossoff (1911) conclude, "That the muscular portion of 

 the anomalous septum in its posterior right part is a continuous 

 portion of the muscular structure of the right posterior portion 

 of the atrial wall . . . and that the abnormal septum arose from 

 a separation of the atrial wall and that the splitting had its origin 

 in the right angle of the wall." 



The following cases have been studied : • 



Andral (Ref. Paget, 1831), Church (1868), Fowler (1882), Moore 

 (1882), Rolleston (1896), Papillon (1897), Martin (1899), Griffith (1903) 

 3 cases, Potter & Ransom (1904), Hosch (1907), Stoeber (1908), William 

 & Abrekossoff (1911), Sternberg (1913). 



C. RIGHT VENTRICLE 



I. Contracture of the Right Ventricle 



The right heart seems to be especially sensitive to develop- 

 mental disturbances. The right ventricle is made up of two ele- 

 ments developmentally ; Keith has shown that the proximal por- 

 tion of the bulb becomes incorporated in the wall of the right 

 ventricle to form the conus arteriosus or inf undibulum. In many 

 of the cases of contracture the conus portion of the ventricle has 

 suffered from arrest of development and in some cases the re- 

 mainder of the ventricle is also only slightly developed or absent. 

 The condition is usually accompanied by stenosis or atresia of 

 the pulmonary artery, particularly the orifice. 



Meckel (1815), Jacobson (1849), Loschner & Lambl (i860), Mallwo 

 (i860), Gubler (1861), Kussmaul (1866), Demange (1874), Jackson 

 (1875), Crocker (1879), O'Sullivan (1880), Etlinger (1882), Moutart- 

 Marten (1883), Menetrier (1884), Kronig (1887), Preisz (i8go), Variot 

 et Gampert' (i8go), Barbillon (1886), Howard (1891), Laffitte (1892), 

 Boquet (1893), Haury (1894), Northrup (1894), Passow (1894), Rheiner 

 (1896), Siredey (1896), Young (i8g6), Jacobson (1897), Armand (1900), 

 Fennell (1901), Spalverine (1902), Cohn (1904), Ellis (190S), Young & 

 Robinson (1907), Gandy et Brule (1909), Wassenbach (1910). These 

 cases relate particularly to arrest of development of the conus while in 

 the following the entire ventricle is contracted. 



Hare (1852), Heinman (1878), Moore (1891), Leo (1886), Potter 

 (1900), Bernstein (1906), Carpenter (1909). 



