Congenital Anomalies of the Heart 33 



(1872), Rokitansky (1875), Toennies (1884), Klumpke (1887), Mann 

 (1889), Grunmach (1890), Lochte (1898), Thiele (1902), Wenner (1909), 

 Lubs (1911). 



D. Aorta Opening -frofn Both Ventricles (Rechtslage) 



There is still some question as to how this group of cases should 

 be placed, but, since the theory advanced by Rokitansky basing 

 their etiology on an irregular development of the aortic septum 

 is still generally accepted, they are placed in this group. The 

 aorta is not carried as far to the left as normal and opens over a 

 defect in the interventricular septum. The condition is gener- 

 ally associated with pulmonary stenosis or atresia, but there is 

 no transposition. 



Sandifort (i777), Cailliot (1807), Obet (1808), Meckel (1809), Palois 

 (1809), Howship (1816), Reeland (1818), Cheever (1821), Basedow 

 (1828), Smith (1841), Peacock (1847), Greig (1852), Sturock (1859), 

 Mallwo (i860), Peacock (i860), Hervieux (1861), Peacock (1871), Wyss 

 (1871), Pott (1878), Peacock (18S0), Abercronibie (1881), Rickards 

 (1881), Grant (1883), Toupet (1883), Hayward (1884), Moore (1885), 

 Vilon (1884), McKee (1887), Murray (1887), Bingham (1889), Hebb 

 (1889), Pr3ror (1889), Voelcker (1892), Thomson (1903), Gutkind (1905), 

 Young & Robinson (1907), Carpenter (1908), Hebb (1913), Morse (1915). 



E. Aorta Opening from the Right Ventricle 



This group may be considered as due to the same factors which 

 produced the last condition, carried to a slightly greater degree. 

 The pulmonary artery is normally placed in relation to the aorta, 

 but there are some irregularities of the vessels in relation to the 

 right ventricle which deserve special mention. In Peacock's 

 (1856) case the aorta arose from the sinus and the pulmonary 

 artery from the infundibulum, in Tooth's (1883) case conditions 

 were just reversed, van Hall (1825) reported a case in which 

 the aorta communicated with the right ventricle through a long 

 canal placed in the muscular wall of the cavity. Hickman (1869) 

 found the condition in a case of situs viscerum transversus. 

 The pulmonary is generally contracted. 



Mery (1700), Abernethy (1794), van Hall (1825), Babington (1846), 

 Chevers (1846), Peacock (1846), Peacock (1856), Quain (1856), Meyer 



