LOCALITIES IN EASTERN EITROI'E. 41 



in cracks in the schists at right angles to the bedding.' In specimens whicli 

 I have examined calc-spar also is present The reader may be reminded 

 that at Mieres, also, bodies of iron ore are found with cinnabar. 



Hungary. — Thougli mercurial tetrahedrite is not unknown elsewhere, 

 it seems particularly characteristic of Hungary, and it is well known to 

 metallurgists that small quantities of quicksilver liave been obtained for a 

 very long time as an incident to the roasting of copper ores in the Hun- 

 gai'ian Erzgebirge. In this region mercurial gray copper ore, pyrito, cin- 

 nabar, and amalgam occur in veins inclosed by crystalline schists and 

 gabbro, usually with quartz and heavy spar as gangue minerals Ores of 

 antimony, lead, and iron are also found with those of quicksilver. One 

 variety of the mercurial tetrahedrite contains no less than l(j.7 per cent, of 

 quicksilver. 



Cinnabar and (piicksilver also exist at many points in Transylvania, 

 though not in deposits of much commercial value. Ver}^ interesting is a 

 vein in the Carpathians, between Transylvania and Bakowiua, at Thihuthal, 

 which occurs at the contact between a dike of lava and much-altered argil- 

 laceous schist. The vein is sixteen inches thick and is filled with calcite, 

 dolomite, and country rock. This vein matter contains streaks and bunches 

 of cinnabar. Small quantities of galena and zincblende are also found in it.^ 



servia. — Au important deposit of cinnabar was discovered in Mt. Avala, 

 near Belgrade, in 1883, or, more properly speaking, rediscovered, since the 

 Romans seem to have opened a mine upon it. This deposit has formed 

 the subject of an impoi-tant study by Prof. A. von Groddeck.' Ore has 

 been found at six points near Mt. Avala. These localities do not form 

 a straight line, but are distributed over a triangular space. The country 

 rock is serpentine, believed to be an alteration product of an enstatite- 

 olivine rock. The ore is mainly cinnabar, but native quicksilver and a little 

 calomel are found. Pyrite and millerite, finely disseminated, accompany 

 the cinnabar, and in a single locality galena also occurs. The gangue 



'Von Cotta: Erzlagerstiltteu, part '2, p. 204. 



"Ibid., part 2, p. 269. The average annual product of quicksilver iu Hungary from 1864 to 1883, 

 twenty years, is said to have been 26.65 metric tons, or 772 flasks, Spanish standard (Mineral ResourceB 

 U. S. 1865, p. 293). 



'Zeitsclir. fdr Berg-, Hiitten- und Salinenwesen im preuss. Staato, vol. 33. 



