SEASONAL POLYMORPHISM. 145 
being much more diffused, but the extreme form steeveni, Tr., has 
never been met with in Tuscany. The race of the Sibillini Mountains, 
at 1200-1800 m., has all the characters mentioned more markedly, 
and besides here a few females have been found with characters inter- 
mediate between the form steeveni of the Alps, entirely covered over 
by brown scaling, and the form ignorata, Stdgr., of the Hast, in 
which the background is white and there are brown nervural 
bands; in my Italian specimens the white shows through a thin 
veil of brownish-gray scales and there exists no trace of blue: 
form squatipa, mihi. The race macra is also found in the Mainarde 
Mts. in South Latium and in the Madonie in Sicily. One of the 
males from the locality last mentioned, sent to me by Ragusa, is 
identical with versicolor, Ruhl, of Asia Minor, by its very pale milky 
blue and by its underside with marginal spotting extremely indistinct ; 
transitions to this form are met with in Tuscany as individual 
variations. 
Polyommatus icarus, Rott., race ZELLERI, Vrty., subrace rasa, mihi.— 
From July 10th to 18th, 1919, in the Mainarde Mts., at 500m., 
several males of the second generation were collected of a form quite 
new both to Querci and myself, although we have examined thousands 
of specimens from all sorts of localities; in some of these individuals 
the usual grey colouring of the underside of the wings is entirely 
absent, leaving the pure white ground colour quite uncovered; the 
result is that the white rings round the spots and the triangular space 
of hindwing, etc., where usually the white only shows, do not exist; in 
other individuals the grey is more or less faintly present. This 
evidently is the corresponding form to ab. detersa, Vrty., of A. thetis 
(except for marginal black spots not absent, as in the latter) and to 
form infracandida, Vrty., of Aricia medon. I do not think the 
Mainarde specimens are simply due to an aberrating family, 
accidentally hit upon by the collectors, for in the same locality all the 
Agriades are remarkably light-coloured on the undersides, so that some ~ 
geographical factor probably exists. 
Aricia medon, Hiifn.—This species produces tolerably marked 
variations according to latitude and altitude and a few characteristics 
proper to certain regions, but individual variation is always very broad 
so that races are always undefined. Its variations can be summarised 
and described with comparative ease, but, unfortunately, the literature 
dealing with them is so vague and confused that we are met by 
considerable difficulty in making use of existing names. Tutt has, 
with admirable patience, collected all that has been published on the 
subject, but one feels the need of a brief synopsis and conclusion, 
definitely fixing the races which can be discerned at the present 
moment, I will attempt to expose what I have made of it as shortly 
‘and clearly as possible: 
Tutt’s conclusion that the specific name should be that of 
Hufnagel is evidently correct; the nymotypical race is consequently 
the one of Berlin. Besides the two distinctly characterised and 
localised races artaverawes, Fabr., with the transitional salmacis, Steph., 
from N. Britain, and montana, Ruhl] (=nevadensis, Obth.), from high 
altitudes in §. Spain, there only exist in Hurope, broadly speaking, 
