192 THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 
high-water mark of its emergence—when it was possible to observe 
hundreds in the course of a single day. At Brindisi that point is 
reached about the 10th of May in a normal season ; and the text books 
which give June, and even July, as the time of emergence of this 
species are, as I have previously pointed out, utterly incorrect. It 
occurs to me that Dr. Verity’s observations may have been made at a 
time when the species was fast ‘‘ going over’’; that time is the only - 
time in my experience when, amongst the survivors of an emergence, 
it would be possible to find more females than males.—J. A. Sms 
(F.E.S.). 
A Brespine Resutt.—Nothing having appeared under this heading 
since the original letter (p. 100), may curious readers be enlightened - 
as to the conclusion (if any) arrived at by Mr. Cruickshank. Since he 
says he placed no other larva in the box with the villica, and the alni 
could not have crawled into it as a perfect insect, two alternative ex- 
planations occur, viz., either someone else put the moth into the box, 
or the larva had spun up in the piece of cork, before the latter was 
introduced for the benefit of the villica, and was therefore not noticed 
by Mr. Cruickshank.—C. Nicuotson, 35, The Avenue, Hale End, HE. 4. 
September 25th, 1920. 
Norrs on Enromonocy 1x Nortaern [tary my 1919.—On arriving 
at Turin at the beginning of April | found Nature perhaps rather less 
advanced than at Vicenza, but still a considerable number of plants 
were in flower; and during the month I collected at the following 
localities in the neighbourhood of Turin: the Lakes of Aviglana (A), 
from the village of Sassi up to the Soperga on the Colle Torinese (S), 
at the Wood of Stupinigi (St.), and at Montealieri (M), a place on the 
bank of the Po about half an hour by the electric tramway, where I 
had the good fortune to visit Dr. Festa of the Museo Civico di Storia - 
Naturale, Turin, where I saw his small “‘zoo” and his interesting 
collection of European butterflies. It was Dr. Festa who told me of 
the Stupinigi Wood, which is reached in about half an hour from 
Turin by steam tramway ; it surrounds the Royal Palace at the village 
and proved my best collecting ground while in this part of Italy. 
I was only able to get one day at the Lakes of Avigliana, which are 
reached from the station on the Turin-Modane line, and can be “done” 
in one day’s excursion leaving by the first morning train. Sassi is 
reached by another steam tramway starting also from the Piazza 
Castello. 
During the month of April the following butterflies were noted, 
the letters attached indicating: the localities :— Papilio podalirius, 8 ; 
P.machaon, M, 8; Thais polyxena ab. meta, St; Pieris brassicae, 8 ; 
P. rapae, M; P. napi, M, A, S; Euchloe cardamines, A, 8, St; 
Leptosia sinapis, M, A, 8, St; Gonepterya rhamni, M, 8, St; Issoria 
lathonia, M; Brenthis selene, St; B. dia, M, A, St; Huvanessa 
antiopa (hiber.), S, A, M, St; Vanessa io (hiber.), S, A, M, St; 
Polygonia c-album, M, 8, St; Pararge aegeria, M, 8; Coenonympha 
pamphilus, A, St; Rumicia phlaeas, A, 8S, St; Callophrys rubi, St; 
Everes argiades, M; Celastrina argiolus, M, A, 8; Hesperia malvoides, 
M, A, St: ab. taras (one), M; and Nisoniades tages, M, A, 8, St. 
I shouid say that I first hit upon TZ. polywena ab. meta on April 
