NOTES ON COLLECTING. 929 
more of the commoner bntterflies, moths and other insects abundant 
in July and August in the environs of Turin. 
During the latter part of August the specimens of Rumicia phlaeas 
were numerous along the wooded banks of the River Stura towards its 
confluence with the River Po, east of Turin. The tendency of this 
particular brood was distinctly towards the ‘aberration suffusa, Tutt, 
the copper colour of the wings being suffused with dark tinting and 
also in many instances specimens tended towards the aberration eleus, 
Fabr., in which the copper is entirely suffused and the hindwings are 
distinctly tailed. 
In the same locality towards the end of August both sexes of 
Everes argiades were out in abundance, in fact literally swarming, 
amongst the copses of Acacia italiana. Above the village of Madonna 
Del Pilone, a few specimens of the second brood of Hamearis lucina 
were on the wing in good order from August 11th to 18th. The males 
and females of Pontia daplidice, Colias hyale, and Colias edusa were 
becoming common, and were in excellent condition both in the dry 
valley of the River Scrivia at Arquata Scrivia and on the banks of the 
River Stura at Turin, from August 26th onwards. 
In the Val San Martino across the River Po, leading gradually 
uphill, among the Colli Torinesi, away from Turin, I took a male and 
female of Leptosia sinapis, both in freshly emerged condition in the 
last week of August. 
Brenthis dia, which swarms around Turin, was still quite fresh on 
the banks of the River Stura on August 28th. 
Enodia dryas was in fresh condition much later at the River Stura 
than at Stupinigi Wood, the fine large females being quite perfect still 
on the wooded banks of the River Stura on August 26th. 
I found the elegant butterfly Hipparchia statilinus again in quantity 
and in excellent condition in the wooded bottoms of the “ Bluff” at 
Arquata Serivia on August 26th this year. A fine form of the butter- 
fly Epinephele tithonus was abundant at Stupinigi during August, the 
first male that I saw being on July 18th. 
The Diptera taken were:—Volucella zonaria, Sassi, July 26th. 
Hristalis tenax, Sassi, July 27th. Helophilus pendulus, L., River Stura, 
Turin, August 28th. Sphoerophoria dispar, W.V., River Stura, Turin, 
October 6th. Milesia crabroniformis, Stupinigi Wood, June 6th. 
Tabanus ater, Fabr., Moncalieri, August 8th. Sarcophaga carnaria, L., 
Madonna del Pilone, between Turin and Sassi, August 10th. 
The Odonata taken were:—Sympetrum fonscolombti, Selys., Stupinigi, 
September 29th. Sympetrum sanguinea, Miull., Stupinigi, October 
12th. Sympetrwm scotica, Don., Sassi, July 27th. Aeschna cyanea, 
Miull., Val San Martino (between Madonna del Pilone and Turin), 
August 380th. Onychogomphus forcipatus, L., Stupinigi, July 18th. 
With the advent of September the heat of the sun at Turin became 
bearable, though during the first fortnight of the month the sun at 
mid-day was very powerful. From the middle of August, right through 
September and well into October the pretty little Dragon-fly, Libellula 
pedemontana, flies in great abundance along the small streams that fall 
into the River Stura near its confluence with the River Po, and I also 
found it in much smaller numbers along the River Sangone outside 
Stupinigi Wood towards the end of September. This Dragon-fly, 
whose length is only 28-80 mm., is easily distinguishable on the wing 
