930 THW KENLOMOLOGIST’S RECORD. 
by an ample dark brown transverse fascia towards the extremity of its 
wings. The insect is reddish in both sexes, and its mouth is 
yellowish. The wings are limpid, somewhat tinted with yellow at the 
base, the fascia across the wings is rather arched in shape, the stigma 
is yellowish or reddish, the nervature of the wings is reddish and the 
lees are black externally and partly yellowish internally. This pretty 
Dragon-fly which inhabits Northern Italy, is generally addicted to 
places rather elevated, though sometimes as round Turin, it is found in 
the plains. As a rule the insects are found grouped together in 
considerable numbers where they occur. Their flight is weak and 
they frequently settle on the bushes or reeds along ithe banks of 
streams, and are therefore extremely easy to catch. 
Towards the end of September I found the Dragon-fly, Libellula 
erythraea, in fair numbers at Stupinigi, where it flies along the River 
Sangone settling continually on this or that plant, or on the stones of 
the dry river bed. This insect, common in Northern Italy, is 42-44 
mm. in length, its head is large, the body of the male is a vivid red 
and that of the female is yellow-olive. The wings are limpid, with 
the base tinted with yellowish-red chiefly at the base of the hindwings, 
the stigma is yellow, and the principal nervatures are red. The top of 
the head is bright red in front and the legs are partly yellowish or 
reddish. 
At the same period of the year the wasps Vespa crabro and Polistes 
gallica were swarming in great numbers at the sap on tree-trunks on 
the main road that runs through the centre of Stupinigi Wood. On 
September 20th I chanced across the second brood of the beautiful 
Copper butterfly, Chrysophanus dispar var. rutilus. I had seen and 
taken one perfect male of this species on May 9th, near the banks of 
the River Stura, but here outside Stupinigi Wood to the right 
approaching from Turin, where the bed of the River Sangone opens 
out considerably, among Dock, Bur-dock, and many other aquatic 
plants, on the left “bank” of running water and in a cireumseribed 
area, I found both sexes in fair numbers, though the males were 
beginning to be ragged in some cases and probably September 8th 
would have been a better date to have found the species at its best. 
By September 30th they were all apparently over and the River 
Sangone was in full flood, though until that date it had been fordable 
the whole summer. 
During the latter part of September the imagines of the moth 
Macroglossa stellatarnm were frequent at the blossoms of Saponaria 
officinale on the opposite side of the River Sangone to the dispar- 
rutilus ground, and in the late afternoon of September 25th one fine 
specimen of Deilephila livornica flying with them, fell to my net. 
The males and females of the Copper butterfly, Chrysophanus dorilis, 
were in good numbers and fresh condition at Stupinig: at the same 
period. 
Pyraneis cardui apparently does not occur, or in very small 
numbers, round Turin. I have not seen one throughout the fine 
season. About the middle of September I found the first male 
specimen of the Orthopteron Acrida nasuta on the banks of the River 
Stura, and from that period it has been in good numbers in both sexes 
there. The Orthoptera Oedipoda caerulescens and Spinyonotus caerulans 
have swarmed in both sexes at the River Stura and at Stupinigi all 
