SEASONAL POLYMORPHISM. 27 



this short summary of the new forms described in it, and of some 

 observations which may interest English readers also, and I have added 

 a few descriptions drawn from material of other Italian localities. 

 Those who may wish for further information and details will find them 

 in the fuller Italian work, to be published as soon as possible, probably 

 in the Redia, edited in Florence.* 



Erynnis [Carcharodns) altheae, Hiib., race australiformis, mihi. 

 This form stands to altheae as auatralis, Z., stands to alceae, Esp. In 

 Tuscany, and probably in the whole of S.E. Europe, it constitutes the 

 second and third generations. It is much smaller than the nimotypical 

 form ; the contrast between the dark pattern and the light ground 

 colour is sharper. 



Erynnis {Carch.) lavatkerae, Esp., race australior, mihi, corres- 

 ponds exactlj to the former by its size and pattern : replaces the larger 

 form entirely in Tuscany, 



Erynnis {Carch.) boetica, Ramb., race eostagnoi, mihi. Smaller, 

 darker (moie brown and less greenish) than the Spanish race figured 

 by Rambu7, more similar to the Pyrenean race figured by Oberthiir 

 [Et. de Le). Comp., v., fig. 609-10] , but not named by him ; different 

 from the mce octodurensis, Obth., of the Valais, and from the Sicilian 

 race, which should be called oberthuri, having been well figured by 

 this author (fig. 605-6), but not named by him either. My type of 

 rostagnoi is ;rom Oricola, in the Latium, 900m., where it was collected 

 by Rostagno 4th of August 1913, but never recognised by him, the 

 species havirg- been till now unknown in Italy ; this unique specimen 

 is now in mj collection. 



Hesperia ndae, Esp., race occidentalis, mihi. No one seems to have 

 as yet observed how different the race of W. Europe is from the Russian 

 one figured iy Esper ; the form is much smaller, lighter in colour, and 

 less boldly narked. 



Hesperia %rmoricanus, Obth., second gen. fulvoinspersa, mihi. The 

 great majoriy of individuals of the second brood (August and Septem- 

 ber) differ fnm those of the first by having the whole of the wings 

 tinged with /ellow-fulvous, so that the dark pattern is brownish and 

 the light spcces yellowish. Specimens of arnwricanvs very similar to 

 onopordi, su(h as that figured by Obthiir in vol. iv. of the Et. Lep. Comp. 

 (fig. 609-10, occur also in Tuscany, but are very rare ; they well 

 deserve the lame of onopordiformis, mihi. 



Hesperia o7iopordi, second gen. fulvotincta, mihi. Similar to the 

 correspondijg summer form of the preceding species. Individuals of the 

 two broods, with the upperside densely scaled with white, can be 

 designated ly the name albovelata, mihi. 



* When 10 particular locality is mentioned in the description of new forms 

 and races, itshould be understood that the " types " in my collection are from the 

 neighbourhod of Florence. 



