SEASONAL POLYMORPHISM. 45 



associate large, vivid, orange marginal lunules with a wide-spread blue 

 suffasion ; I should call the first brood of celina pulchbrrima, taking 

 as typical a series collected by Querci at S. Martino, near Palermo. 

 Seitz, in Gross-sc/unett, i.,p. 312, mentions this lovely form f com Africa 

 and Sicily, but makes the blunder of giving it the name rujina, Obth., 

 which was meant only for female specimens in which the orange 

 lunules diffuse inwardly to an enormous extent and reach the discoidal 

 cell, such as are found now and then amongst the j^ulcherri^na. 



Cyaniris semiargus, Rott., race porrecta, mihi ; race quercii, mihi ; 

 race ausonidaeum, mihi. In Tuscany the race of the plain may be 

 referred to ciiiwn, Lewin, but in the higher Apennines quite a different 

 one occurs, to which the name porrecta may well be applied, its wings 

 being very elongated and angular on account of the shortness of the 

 hinder neuration (anal) as compared to the fore ones (radial), and on 

 account of the much straighter termen, thus making it the mountain 

 form corresponding to allons of Aricia medon in this respect ; the under- 

 side is a little darker than that of the race of the plains, but the black 

 margin of upperside is not wide, as in the Alps. The latter character 

 combined with those of porrecta is, on the contrary, frequent in the 

 race found by Querci on the highest tops of Calabria (race quercii, 

 mihi). The most distinct of the western races is the beautiful one 

 found by Querci on the Aurunci Mountains (Caserta) ; it measures 

 even in the male sex 29mm. of expanse, thus being much larger than 

 cimun (26mm.), and it is of a clear , vivid blue, giving it the appearance 

 of a cyllarns above, and a very narrow, sharp, black border increasing 

 the resemblance ; the underside is dark and brownis-h. 



Flebeiiis argus, L.,* race apenninicola, mihi ; race italorum, mihi ; 

 race tuscanica, mihi ; race lunensis, mihi ; and race calabrica, mihi. 

 The race for which I propose the first of these names is similar to the 

 well-known alpine philononms, Berg., which has been renamed so often, 

 but it differs from it in constantly having the ground colour of the 

 underside of the male of a perfectly pure white, and in being on an 

 average smaller, and sometimes extremely small (18-20mm.) ; my 

 typical series is from Mount Pratofiorito (at 1000m.), near Lucca ; it 

 contains the only female from Tuscany I have ever seen bearing blue 

 scaling above. In the Apuane Alps, which stand close by, but have 

 quite a different alpine geological structure, the race philonomus is pro- 

 duced. Not far off, on the Abetone Pass (1,300m.) a third race is to be 

 found ; it is the largest of the Tuscan ones (22-25mm.) ; the black 

 margin is narrower than in the preceding and the blue is brighter ; the 

 black dots of the underside are very small, and the median series is very 

 straight (race italorum) ; in other localities intermediate races occur. 

 The Tuscan race of the plains has, as in other countries, a very narrow 

 black marginal band on the upperside of the male, nearly obliterated 

 on the forewings and not reaching the black dots on the hindwings ; 

 these dots on the underside bear no metallic pupil ; the female has very 

 widespread fulvous marginal lunules on both surfaces ; this race comes 

 nearest to orientalis, Tutt, from Asia Minor, and I name it tuscanica; 

 typical series from the Baths of Casciana, near Pisa. At Pertusola, 



* Plebeius aegon. — G.W. 



