54 THE entomologist's record. 



where spring larvae has been abundant I found none. Only two broods 

 were observed, one at Malone, Belfast, on August 25th, half-grown,, 

 and the other at Ballykinlar, Co. Down, on September 4th, also half- 

 grown. These were both reared. I doubt very much if any would 

 have survived in nature. Torrential rains lasting nearly a fortnight 

 set in before they were full-fed, and one or two frosts occurred during- 

 the pupal stage. In all I reared 42 imagines from these pupae during 

 October. 



The imagines of the Malone brood emerged from October 8th-19th. 

 By the end of this time it was necessary to place the box containing' 

 them near the fire before the imagines would emerge. No tendency to 

 ab. polaris, nor, with two slight exceptions, to ab. nubilata, was ob- 

 served, though I had expected this with some confidence. In three 

 specimens aberrational marking of one forewing, apparently due to 

 pupal injury, was noted, and five very pale forms of a " washed " out 

 appearance emerged, three of which Were cripples. There were thirty 

 specimens in this brood. The Ballykinlar brood produced twelve 

 specimens remarkable for a tendency of the ground colour to replace 

 the usual yellow markings and suppression of the blue marginal spots. 

 In one specimen the yellow areas are, however, considerably extended. 

 Pyrameis cardui and P. atalanta occurred sparingly in May and at the 

 end of August. 



The Satyridae were very interesting. The first observed were 

 Pararije vxegera and P. aegena, on May 19th, in perfect condition. P. 

 merjera soon disappeared, and a second brood appeared in August. The 

 life cycle of P. aec/eria is more puzzling. I give dates and notes of 

 captures : 



April 19th, 1918, Newtownards, 2 3" , light form, fresh condition. 



April 29th, 1918, Newtownards, both sexes, worn. 



June 5th, 1918, Belfast, 1 $• , light form, fresh condition. 



July 4th, 1918, Belfast, 2 seen, worn. 



July 17th, 1918, Belfast, 1 ? , light form, fresh. 



July 28th, 1918, Belfast, several seen, apparently fresh. 



July 30th, 1918, Belfast, 1 $ , light form, worn (slightly). ■ 



August 25th, 1918, Dunmamy, several (^ s, dark form, fresh. 



September 4th, 1918, Ballykinlar, ^ s and ? s, dark form, fresh. 



The Ballykinlar specimens include a 3" which is the darkest speci- 

 men of the species I have seen, the yellow spots being almost com- 

 pletely obsolete. 



Epinephele pirtina (ianira) was common in July and August, and I 

 obtained several nice females with additional spots on forewing-under- 

 side. Aphantopus hyperantus occurred in some numbers from July 4th 

 onwards. The specimens are much lighter in underside ground colour 

 than South of England forms and approximate to the Cumberland 

 form referred to and figured in South's Butterflies of the British Isles. 

 Hipparchia semele was common and well marked. I observed a 3' 

 attemptmg to pair with E. jurtina ? . There were two broods of 

 Coenonympha pamphilus and of Rumicia phlaeas — I obtained no striking 

 forms of either species. 



Polyoininatus icarus first appeared on June 1st, on which date a 

 fine large <y ab. nigromaculata [ = celina ?), was secured. Large and well- 

 marked $ s occurred in June, and then only wasted specimens in July 

 and August. 



