154 THE entomologist's record. 



Dobratsch (Villacher Alp) in 1895 (underside of hindwing with silver 

 streaks), see Jahresbericht Wien. Ent. Ver., 1895, p. 45. A few very 

 dark examples were obtained by Galvagni on July 25th, 1900, on the 

 Blaser in Tirol (Brennergebiet), see ''I.e.," 1900, p. 5. A further 

 example at the same place by him on August 10th, 1901, see " I. c," 

 1901, p. 6. This aberration was taken by Pfitzner at the end of July, 

 1904, in the Roseggthal, near Pontresina, see Iris, 1906, p. 213. An 

 intermediate form was obtained by himself in the Heutal in 1904, in 

 which thehindwings below were suffused with green-yellow with a dark 

 margin, see Iris, 1906, p. 214. A later very dark example with silver 

 streaks on the underside hindwings was found at the end of June, 

 1907, in Tirol (Brennergebiet). A figure of an extremely developed 

 example of the ab. thales is given in Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., 1895, on 

 pit. i., fig. 4." 



Seitz (Schultz) Mac. Lep. Pal. Fn., vol. i., p. 230, pit. 67, i. and 68, 

 a. b. (23 figs.) (1909), gave short diagnoses of some 21 forms of pales. 

 He described a new form banghaasi, from a specimen taken at Kentei. 

 " Its upperside is very strongly spotted with black, the forewing 

 beneath bearing weak spots and the hindAving being very silvery. It 

 is an arsilache form." 



Seitz diagnosed the variation as follows : — 

 ab. is/s = upperside pale ochreous. 

 ab. napaea J = shaded with dark olivaceous greenish, 

 ab. f/(aZ^.s = upperside almost entirely black, only vestiges of the 



reddish -yellow ground colour in the outer area, 

 ab. mediofasciata = gre&t development of the black, confined to the 



median area, 

 ab. /c/7//fl.si = markings of forewings absent except small traces, but 

 more strongly developed on the hindwings ; base, disc and veins 

 more extended black. 

 var. (]racca = \sbrge form (rather), ^ very bright red, very distinct 

 ocelli in outer half of hindwing beneath, chequered fringes, 

 strong markings on underside of forewings below. Veluchi, 

 Parnassus. 

 var. &a?crt»/rrt = transition to f/raeca from Balkan Mts. 

 var. c(7»crt.s/(.Y< = smaller, ^ very bright brick-red, much paler beneath, 



dark markings of ? sometimes as if dusted with flour, 

 var. s/7rt«(Va = smaller than cancasica. Sinde, in Thibet, 

 var. arsilache = distmci\y black-spotted forewing underside, Avings 



broader and more rounded, larger than Alpine pales. Swamps, 

 var. iml acta ^dsivk northern form. cf. napaea. Lapland, 

 var. Zi7/*/)0Mw;rt = smaller than arsilache, diffuse markings on forewing 



below, washed out. West north Europe, 

 var. generator = ^ upperside very bright reddish-yellow, very small 

 dot like markings, sometimes obsolete in the median area, 2 

 whitish lunules before outer margin. Central Asia. 

 var. korla = maGh. larger, upperside red like generator, violet gloss, 

 broad, strongly-rounded wings, markings of hindwing below 

 dull and obsolescent. Korla. 

 var. e it pales — vevy brightly variegated underside, moss-green spots, 

 cinnamon smears, all very dentate and indented, silvery gloss 

 strongly reduced. Thibet, 

 var. palina — reithev snisA\, 2 strongly marked above, but little silvery 



