196 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



nymotypical aglaja of Durham and Scotland, and e»iilocuples of the 

 South of England. In Central Italy the species becomes again smaller 

 and the black pattern is often as reduced as in vitatha, Moore, of 

 Central Asia ; I have called it race appenninicola. The male specimen 

 from the Abetone Pass figured by me in the Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital., xlv., 

 pi. I., fig. 4, should alone be taken as the type, because the female of 

 the Sibillini Mts., fig. 5, is not the corresponding individual form, and 

 is in this race quite an exceptional specimen, very similar to lociiplcs. 



Argymiis niohe, L., race pinguis, mihi. In this case Linneus gives 

 no quotations after his original description ; so we only have the 

 specimens he has left us to go from in establishing the nymotypical 

 race. They are certainly not of the large, bright, Alpine race, 

 equivalent to locuples of aglaja, so that I feel justified in proposing a 

 name ; I select as typical my series of the Baths of Valdieri. 



Argynnh esperi, *Vrty (= cydippe auct. nee L. = adippe auct. nee 

 L.), race clarens, mihi. Facts are so obvious concerning the necessity 

 of the change of name I have suggested in this species that I fear I 

 must maintain my view about it, although I have carefully considered 

 the objections which have been published, and which in other cases 

 have convinced me the^t the names in use could, or should be kept up. 

 Esper unfortunately does not give the exact locality of the specimen he 

 has figured, and which I have taken as the type of esprri, but it certainly 

 is of German origin. It is rather small and dull, and the underside of 

 the hindwings is washed with pale fulvous. In haiuvarka, Spiiler, 

 the upperside is very bright and the underside washed with rust-red ; 

 in viainalia, Frhst., the size is larger and the colour deeper ; these 

 correspond to locKplea of aglaja and are Alpine. In the South of 

 Europe adelassia, Frhst., from the south of France (Mentone), is 

 described as very large and bright, with no washing on underside. In 

 Italy a race is found, which does not seem to vary in the least in the 

 whole of its extent, from Turin, Valdieri, and Vitriolo (Tyrol) to 

 Calabria, and from high mountains to the sea. It is smaller than the 

 Alpine races, the upperside is of the light, but very bright fulvous, 

 characteristic of several Italian Argynnidi ; black pattern limited in 

 extent and extremely so in certain specimens, being particularly 

 obvious in the female sex ; no wasjiing on underside as a rule, but, if 

 traces of it appear, thej^ are green, as in chlorodippe from Spain ; I 

 possess clarens also from Barcelona ; types from Florence. 



Dryas paphia, h., race magnata, mihi, and race magnifica, mihi. 

 The Linnean specimen and the quotation of Jbatina Svecica fix the 

 Scandinavian or northern race as nymotypical. This dififers from all 

 the others by the sharp contrast between the pure white, silvery 

 ground colour of the underside of hindwings, reaching as far as the 

 external margin, and the bands and spots of a rather deep green even 

 in the male ; it is also of small size (about 50 mm.), and sometime* 

 extremely small (46 mm.). In Central Europe the size is as a rule 

 greater ; males in my collection from Maine-et-Loire in France 

 measure, for instance, 62 mm. ; the contrast between ground colour and 



'^[cydippeJj. ot Brit. Nat. Covi. — Eds.] 



