204 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



in -the same way in each species. The first costal bar in wailesella is 

 often, not always, extended so as to touch or nearly touch the second 

 fcostal bar, whereas in labnrnella the first bar is often shorter, but I 

 have seen specimens of this with the first bar nearly touching the 

 second. Then the obliquity of the first bar is said to be greater in 

 wailesella, but I cannot confirm this idea. I think the apical fringes 

 in this species are more dusky. I have had no opportunity of 

 comparing a long bred series of each species, nor have I been able to 

 bring a microscope to bear on the various organs, when some 

 differences might be discovered. C. spartifoliella is so close to 0. 

 lahurnella that I doubt if certain specimens could be identified unless 

 the food plant were known, but here the larva, method of mining 

 (under bark) and cocoon are distinct. In the case of C. laharnella and 

 C. wailesella the remarkable mine and cocoon are the same and the only 

 difference seems to be in the size. Then again the leaf of Genista is 

 much smaller than the leaflet of laburnum and this may have an 

 influence on the size. That the aricestor of both species was no very 

 distant one seems certain, and it would be interesting to know which 

 of the two food plants is the older, if the botanists could tell us. The 

 planting of laburnums for their spring beauty has caused a very wide 

 distribution of C labnrnella, but the other species does not seem to 

 occur in all places where its food plant grows. It is spread all over 

 Ditchling Common, and in a garden adjoining the common are at least 

 two laburnum trees which carry mines of Cewiostoma, so that imagines 

 taken on the Common cannot be used for critical purposes. It is only 

 the bred specimens that can be so employed, though there is little 

 doubt that imagines taken about Genista in parts of the Common 

 remote from these trees would rightly ho considered as C. wailesella. 

 On October 14th I went to Ditchling Common to find out where this 

 species spins up for the winter. Only one cocoon was found and this 

 was fastened to an old broken blade of grass among the rubbish lying 

 at the foot of a Genista stem. I found no cocoons attached to the 

 stems, as I fancied they might be. On this occasion I found no traces, 

 except old cases, of Culeophora vibicella, but was surprised to see many 

 small cases of C. (/etu'stae on G. anglica, as I had searched for these in 

 vain last June. Many Acalla reticulata [contain inana) were disturbed 

 from hawthorn bushes, but nothing striking was seen. It was equally 

 common at Patcham a few days later. 



Before concluding these notes I will mention that the colony of 

 Tortrix proniibaiia was visited on October 3rd, a warm sunny morning. 

 Five pairs and several others of both sexes were noticed, all sitting on 

 the leaves of that Veronica, which is so commonly planted by the sea. 

 When paired the ^ is more than half hidden by the wings of the ? . 

 The only pair I saw on the wing appeared to be supported in its flight 

 to the ground by the ? . It could hardly be otherwise. The next 

 day, at Rottingdean, I was pleased to take a specimen of Plafyedra 

 vilella as I had here previously searched for this species among mallow 

 without success. 



SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



Hyponephele lycaon, Rott., and H. lupinus, Costa, two distinct 

 SPECIES. — On page 142 of this Journal I mentioned H. lupinus. The 



