174 INSESSORES. CINCLUS. Dipper. 



and afford it a plentiful supply of food. This I have often 

 observed with respect to the Tweed, and to the Annan in 

 Dumfriesshire, upon both of which rivers it is numerously 

 distributed during winter, but is comparatively rare in the 

 summer and breeding season. In the latter river, when par- 

 tially frozen over, I have repeatedly seen it dive from the 

 edge of the ice into the rapid stream, and, after a submersion 

 of some seconds, reappear with a small fish, or a caddis-worm 

 (the larva of a species of Phryganea) in its bill. 



Plate 45*. represents a male bird and female bird of the 

 natural size. 

 Head and back part of the neck umber-brown. Upper 

 parts black, the feathers margined with blackish-grey. 

 Throat, eyelids, sides of the neck, and upper part of 

 the breast white. Lower part of the breast and belly 

 chestnut-brown J passing into brownish-black towards the 

 vent. Under tail-coverts blackish-grey. Bill blackish- 

 brown. Legs yellowish-grey. Irides yellowish-brown. 

 The female is similar to the male, except that the head 

 is of a deeper brown, and the white upon the neck and 

 breast is sullied in hue. 

 The young are distinguished by the deep-grey feathers 

 that cover the head and back part of the neck. In 

 them the white also extends lower down the belly to- 

 wards the vent, and is crossed by fine rays of yellowish- 

 grey or brown. 

 A large variety with a dusky bar encircling the bottom of 

 the neck, and the white of the breast and belly having nu- 

 merous small black streaks pointing downwards, is mention- 

 ed by Latham, in the Second Supplement to his General 

 Synopsis, under the title of the Penrith Ouzel. The other 

 two varieties mentioned in the Appendix to Montagu's 

 Supplement, I should consider as belonging to a very late 

 brood of the preceding year, and which had not acquired 

 the complete plumage of maturity. 



