Pl.ex.caL S9. COMPOSITJ^, B. 433 



B. Cynarocephale^. Pericline imbricate, scales often 

 spinous; clinanthus fleshy, chaffy; corollce all tubular; style 

 jointed above; pappus stiff'. — Leaves alternate, often spinous; 

 stamens and stigma often irritable, contractile. 



a. Pappus 0. 



FlowerSf centre female; circumf. androgynous; 

 pericline- scales compound, spinous HiPFOPHiESTUM. 205, 



Flow, centre hermaphrodite; circumf. neuter; 

 pericline-scales fringed, not spinous Phrygia. 203. 



b. Pappus hairy, rays nearly equal, connate at bottom into 

 a deciduous ring ; Jlowers all hermaphrodite. 



Pericline-scales simple, spinous ; 

 akenium transversely furrowed Onopordum. 194.<. 



Pericline-scales simple, spinous ; 

 a^em'z^m streaked ; clinanthus hr'isiXy Carduus. 198. 



Pericline-scales appendiculated ; 

 appendix toothed, spinous Silybum. 197. 



c. Pappus hairy, rays unequal, imbricate, in many series, 



Floiu. female, or male or hermaph. 

 pericline-scales lanceolate, pointed Serratula. 196. 



Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 

 pericline-scales lanceolate, serrated CyaJtus. 202. 



Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf neuter; 

 pericline-scales lanceolate, ovate, pinnate .... Jacea. 204. 



Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 

 pericline-scales palmate, spinous .... Polyacantha. 206. 



Flow, centre hermaph.; circumf. neuter; 

 pericline-scales compound Leucantha. 207. 



Flowers all hermaphrodite ; pericline- 

 scales linear, hooked at the tip Arctium. 195. 



d. Pappus feathery j Jlowers all hermaphrodite. 



Pericline-scales, outer spinous ; 

 inner coloured, scariose, radiated Carlina. 201. 



Pericline-scales all linear, spi- 

 nous; pappus deciduous Cirsium. 199. 



Pericline-scales all ovate, 

 pointed ; pappus persistent Bennettia. 200. 



VOL. II. 2 p 



