434 194. Onopord. 39. COMPOSITiE, B. PL ex. cat, 



XIX. 194. ONOPORDUM. Pliny. Cotton-thistle. 

 Pericline globose, becoming depressed ; scales awlshape, 



lax, ending in an awlshape spine ; flowers all hermaphro- 

 dite ; clinanthus flat, honeycombed ; edge of the pits raised, 

 sharp, chaffy ; aken'mm reverse-ovate, compressed, 4-sided, 

 transversely^ furrowed ; pappus hairlike ; rays unequal, 

 rough, annular at the base, deciduous. — Stem hollow, very 

 tall ; leaves large, thorny, tomentose ; calathides terminal, 

 solitary. 



Onopordiim vulgare. Common cotton-thistle. 



Leaves decurrent, sinuated, woolly on both sides, toothed ; 

 pericUne-scales spreading, awlshape. 



Carduus tomentosus, acanthiuin dictus, vulgaris, Raii Syn. 196, 14. 

 Acanthium album, Ger. em. 1149, 1. 

 Acantbium vulgare, Park. 979. 

 Onopordium Acanthutn, Lin. S. P. 1158. 



While cotton-thistle. Cotton-thistle. Wild white thistle. Argentine, or 

 tilver thistle. 



Ruins and waysides ; biennial ; July. 



Hoot fusiform ; plant white, woolly ; steyn 3 feet high ; 

 flowers upright; corollas purple. — Down of the stem and 

 leaves used to stuff bedding, and mix with feathers; young 

 shoots and periclines eaten as potherbs ; seeds bitter, much 

 sought after by small birds. 



XX. 195, ARCTIUM. Dioscorides. Burdock. 

 Pericline spherical : scales imbricate, awlshape, ending 



in a recurved hooked spine; flowers all hermaphrodite; 

 clinanthus flat, chaffy ; chaff bristlelike, as long as the pe- 

 ricline; akenium compressed, 4-sided; pappus hairy, rays 

 miequal, shorter than the akenium, persistent, in 2 or 3 

 rows. — Leaves large, heartshape, petioled, not armed ; 

 flowers rather corymbose. 



1. Arctium tomentosum. Downy burdock. 



Pericline, when full grown, downy ; down cobwebby. 



Lappa major montana capltulis tomentosis sive arctiuin Dio»corid,is, 

 RaiiSyn.\91,4. 



Bardana major, Ger. em. 810, I ». 



Bardaiia major lamig;iij(>sis capitulis, Park. 1222. 



Amiiiin Lappa |3', Lin. S. P. 1 143. 



Arclium Bardana, fFHId. S. P. 163'i. 



Lappa tomcntosa, De Cand. Fl. Galt.3G09. 



Ruins; biennial; July and August, 



