PL ex. eat. 39. COMPOSITE, B. 199. Cirsium. 459 



Carduus q. carlina acaulis minore piirpurco flore, Rail Syn. 195,7. 



Carlina acaulis minor flore piirpureo, Ger, em. 1158, 3, 



Carlina acaulis Septentrionalium, Park. 969. 



Carduus acaulis, Lin. S. P. 1156. 



Cnicus acaulis, Wil!d. S. P. 1664 



Cirsium acaule, Be Candolk Fl. Gall. 3089. 



Dwarf carline thistle. 



Fields and pastures ; perennial; July and August. 

 Rool woody ; stem ; leaves depressed, bald ; calaihides 

 large; corollce purple. 



5. Cirsium arvense. Field soft-thistle. 

 Leaves sessile, lanceolate, pinnatifid, hispid, toothed, 



waved, spinous, rather woolly beneath ; calathides panicled ; 

 pericUnes first globose, then cylindrical. 



Carduus vulgatissimus viarum, Raii Syn, 194,6; Ger. em, 1173,4. 



Carduus ceanothos sive viarum et vinearum repeiis. Park. 959. 



Serratula arvensis, Lin.S. P. 1149, 



Carduuii arvensis, Curtis FL Lond. 



Cirsium arvense, De Candolle Fl. Gall. 3070. 



Common way thistle. Creeping thistle. 



Fields and waysides; perennial; July. 

 Root creeping, flagelliform ; stem smooth ; pericline-scales 

 woolly on the edge ; corollce purple, rarely white. 



6. Cirsium eriophorum. , Wool-hearing soft-thistle. 

 Leaves sessile, pinnatifid, hispid ; lobes 2-rowed, doubled, 



divaricated, spinous ; pericline globose, villous, cobweblike ; 

 scales oblong ; apex linear, long, mucronate, reflex. 



Carduus tomentosus corona fratrum dictus, Raii Syn. 195, 10; Park.918, 



Carduus eriocephalus, Ger. em. 1152, 6. 



Carduus tomentosus Anglicus, Park. 979. 



Carduus eriophorns, Lin. S. P. 1153. 



Cirsium eriophorum, De Candolle Fl. GaW. 3091. 



Cnicus eriophorus, fVilld. S. P. 



Woolly headed thistle. 



Chalky mountains ; biennial ; August. 



Root fusiform ; stem much branched ; leaves rough above, 

 woolly beneath ; calathides solitary, very large j pericline- 

 scales fringed, coloured above ; corollcB purple, 



7. Cirsium tuberosum. Tuberous soft-thistle. 

 Leaves embracing the stem, pinnatifid, fringed with 



spines, lobes 2-cut, toothed near the base; calathides 1 or 2; 

 pericline-scales lanceolate, mucronate, spread out. 



Carduus tuberosus, Lin. S. P. 

 Cnicus tuberosus, Willd. S. P. 1680. 

 Cirsium dissectum, Lamarck Enc. Meth, 



Woods ; perennial ; July and August. 



Z?oo/ tuberous ; tubers oblong ; 5fe7K villous, not spined. 



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