Flex.cal. 39. COMPOSITE, B. 201, Carlina. 441 



Ciirlina sylveslris quibusdara,aliis atractylis, Raii Spn. 175, 1. 

 Caiiina sylvestris major, Get: em. 1159, 1. 

 Carlina vulgaris, Lin, S. P. 1161. 



Sandy fields and pastures; biennial; July. 

 Root fusiform ; stern upright, 1 foot hign ; calathides so- 

 litary, terminal ; corollce purple white. 



XXVII. 202. CYANUS. Pliny. Bluebottle. 



PericUne bellied, conical ; scales lanceolate, serrated, 

 inner scales with a claw; Jiowers of the centre hermaphro- 

 dite, regular; of the circumference neuter, large, irregular; 

 cUnanthus chaffy; chaffs awlshape, flat, as long as the 

 akenia; pappus chaffy, persistent; chaffs toothed, unequal. 



Cyanus vulgaris. Common bluebottle. 



Leaves linear, not in the least cut ; lower leaves pinnatifid 

 at the base. 



Cyanus, Rati Stjn. 198, 1. 

 Cyanus vulgaris, Ger. em. 732; Park. 482. 

 Centaurea Cyanus, Lin. S. P. 1289. 

 Corn-flower. Blue-blow. Hurt-sickle. 



Cornfields ; annual ; July and August. 



Root fibrous; stem much branched; leaves pointed, ra- 

 ther woolly ; calathides solitary, peduncled. — Flowers yield 

 a fine water colour ; plant blunts the sickles of the reapers. 



XXVIII. 203. PHRYGIA. Persoon. Knapiveed. 



Pericl'me globular; scales ovate, pinnatifid, bristlelike, 

 inner scales clawed ; flowers of the centre hermaphrodite, 

 regular; of the circumference neuter, large, irregular; 

 cUnanthus chaffy; chaffs bristlelike, half as long as the 

 pericline ; akenium 4-sided, bristly ; pappus chaffy, persist- 

 ing; chaffs linear, rough, unequal. 



1 . Phrygia major. Great knapweed. 



Leaves pinnatifid; lobes lanceolate, toothed, slightly 

 hairy ; lobes of the pericline-scales upright. 



Jacea major, Raii Syn. 198, 1 ; Ger. em. 727,2. 

 Jacea nigra vulgaris laeiniaia. Park. 470. 

 Centaurea Scabiosa, .Lin. S. P. 1291. 

 Great mat fe lion. Bull weed. 



Fields and waysides ; perennial ; July and August. 



Stem 2 or 3 feet high, branched ; leaves dark green ; ca- 

 latfndes solitary, peduncled ; Jiowers of the circumference 

 linear, slender. 



