INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 59 
Hispid, hispidus, hirsutus, hirtus. Galeopsis nodosus, 
Scabiosa arvensis, Sinapis arvensis, Geranium dissectum. 
Spinose, spinellosus, echtnatus. Dipsacus fullonum. 
13. Armature. 
Prickly, Caulis aculeatus. Arms affixed to the bark. 
Rosa rubiginosa, R. centifolia, Rubus fruticosus. 
Thorny, spinosus. Arms affixed to the wood. Genista 
Anglica. 
BRANCHES. 
First branches, Ramus. First divisions of the stem. 
Second branches, branchlets, twigs, Ramuli. First di- 
visions of the branches. 
Third branches, small twigs, Ramunculi. Second divisions 
of the branches. 
1. Attachment. 
Alternate, Rami alterni. Shooting out singly in different 
directions at nearly equal distances. Alcea rosea, Rhamnus 
catharticus. 
One rowed, secundi. Shooting out on one side only. 
Algee varie. 
‘Two-rowed, distichi. Ranged in two opposite rows. 
Ulmus vulgaris, Abies Canadensis. 
Opposite, - opposit?2. Growing in pairs from opposite 
points. Fraxinus, 4ésculus Hippocastanum. 
Crossing, decussati. Growing in pairs which cross each 
other at right angles. Syringa vulgaris, Acer major. 
Whorled, verticiliati. Placed in circles round the main 
stem. Equisetum fluviatile, Abies pectinata, Pinus syl- 
vestre. 
Scattered, spars?. Placed without any determinate or- 
der. Usually owing to abortion. 
2. Direction. 
Erect, Rami erecti. Growing almost perpendicular to 
the horizon. Salsola fruticosa, Euphrasia officinalis, Po- 
pulus fastigiata. . 
Closed, appressi. Converging very close to the main 
stem. Genista tinctoria, Populus fastigiata. 
Inflected, introflexi, incurvi. Anastatica Hierunchita, &c. 
Open, patentes, patuli. Forming with the main stem 
an ple of about 45°. Galium vulgare, Erysimum offi- 
cinale. : 
