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60 INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
Very open, patentissim?. Growing at right angles with 
the stem. Asparagus officinalis, Arctium major, Pyrus 
sylvestris. 
Divergent, divergentes. Very open and _ verticillate. 
Abies. 
Arm-like, brachiati. Yery open and crossing each other 
in pairs. Melampyrum cristatum, Hypericum crispum. 
Divaricated, divaricat?. Very open and growing in many 
different directions. Rumex pulcher, Teucrium fruticans, 
Cichorium sylvestre, Ranunculus hederaceus. 
Diffused, diffust. Growing without any order. Cam- 
panula hederacea, Fumaria officinalis, Geranium dissectum. 
Bent outwards, reflexi, recurvati. Bent with the con- 
vexity upwards. Equisetum sylvaticum, Larix Europea. 
Hanging, penduli. Falling below its origin perpendicu- 
larly towards the earth. Salix Babylonica, Betula alba, 
Fraxinus excelsior pendula. 
Bent back, retroflecti, refracti. Bent back upon them- 
selves. Rumex pulcher, Dulcamara flexuosa. 
Thorn-ended, Spinescens. Ending in a thorn instead of 
a bud. Ononis arvensis, Hippophae littoralis. 
OUTLINE OF THE RAMIFICATIONS. 
Rounded, Ramificatio subrotunda. Malus communis. 
Flat-topped, corymbosa, fastigiata Linnzeus. When the 
ramifications end all at the same height from the ground. 
Dodartia Orientalis, Pinus Pinea. - 
Pyramidal, pyramidalis. Spread horizontally, and grow- 
ing smaller as they approach the top. Abies pectinata. 
Fastigiate, fastigiata Mirbell. All the branches growing 
close to the stem, and their divisions pointing to the sky. 
Populus fastigiata, Quercus fastigiata. 
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LEAF SCAR. 
Cicatricula. A mark left on the stem by the jointed 
leaves, when they fall off. 
REMAINS OF LEAVES. 
Reliquie foliorum. Ramenta. The remains of leaves 
which remain attached to the stem, after the death of the 
principal part. 
oan CUSHION. at 
Pulvinus. A small protuberance, frequently found under 
the leaf scar. . 
