118 INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 
Halved, dimdiatum. Only surrounding one half of the 
peduncle. Petroselinum yulgare. 
Turned back, reflecum. ‘Turning over from the top to 
the bottom. Meum Athamanticum. 
@ Calathide-flowered, calathidiflorum. Surrounding a 
clinanthe and resembling a basket. Composite. 
Globular, globulosum, globosum. Achilleea sambucina, 
Centaurea nigra. ‘ . 
Pitchershape, wrceolatum. Swollen at bottom, con- 
tracted at top, and dilated at its orifice like the calyx of a 
rose. Crepis biennis, Cirsium palustre. 
Reverse topshape, oliurbinatum. Swolien and rounded. 
at bottom, growing narrow to the top. Carthamus tinc- 
torius. A 
Bellshape, campanulatum. Lampsana lyrata, Chryso- 
coma Coma aurea. 
Hemispherical, hemisphericum. Like a bason, Matri- 
caria vulgaris, Anthemis tinctoria. 
Egelike, ovoidewm. Cirsiym lanceolatum, Artemisia vul- 
garis, Tagetes patula. 
Reverse conical, olconicum. Growing narrower from 
the bottom to the top. Aster fruticosus, Anthemis clavata. 
Cylindrical, cylindraceum. Long, and nearly cylindrical. 
Senecio vulgaris, Achillea millefolia. 
Cuplike, cupulare. Trimorpha alpina, Achillea syl- 
vestris. 
Contracted, coarctatum. Becoming much narrower to- 
wards its orifice. Centaurea, Carduus. 
Open, patens, planiusculum. Chamomilla vulgaris, Leu- 
canthemum vulgare. 
One-leafed, monophyllum. Of one single piece. Tagetes 
patula. . 
Many-leaved, polyphyllum. Of several pieces. Taraxa- 
cum vulgare, Cynara Scolymus, Aster Chinensis. 
Simple, stmplex. Of a single piece, or rather of several 
pieces disposed in a single row. _Urospermum picroides. 
Double, calyculate, calyculatum. Having an outer row 
of bracteze which compose a second involucrum. Crepis 
biennis. 
Tiled, zmbricatum. Achyrophorus imbricatus, Carduus, 
Centaurea. 
Leaflike, foliaceum. The bracteze that form the invo- 
lucrum are,large, thin, green, like the generality of leaves. 
Silphiunr perfoliatum, Carthamus tinctorius. 
