Pl. cell. aph. 4. CENOTHALAME. 115. Lecidea. 463 
a. Apothecia always black, naked. 
1. Lecidea atro-alba. Pied lecidea. 
Crust spreading, very thin, cracked, black; beds tuber- 
cular, whitish ; apothecia plano-convexish, black; inside 
of the same colour. 
Lichen atro-albus, Lin. 8. P. 1607; Engl Bot. 2336. 
Verrucaria atro-aiba, Hoffm. Germ. 182. 
Lecidea atro-alba, char. Meth. 45; Lich. 162. 
On stones. 
Thallus sometimes fringed on the edge. 
2. Lecidea_ fusco-atra. Brown-black lecidea. 
Crust very thin, black; leds chestnut, flat, bordered, 
shining; apothecia slightly convex, black, bordered; inter- 
nally whitish. 
Lichen fusco-ater, Lin. S. P. 1607. 
Lichen dendriticus, Achar. Prod. 17; Engl. Bot. 1734. 
Verrucaria fusco-ater, Hoffm. Germ. 18), 
Psora dendritica, Hoffm. Germ, 168. 
Lecidea fusco-atra, Achar. Meth. 44. 
Lecanora fusco-atra, Achar. Lich. 359. 
On stones and exposed mountains. 
Thallus sometimes fringed, black. 
3. Lecidea fumosa. Smoky lecidea, 
Crust rather cartilaginous, cracked in beds, smooth, grey, 
brownish; apothecia sunk in the crust, flat, bordered, after- 
wards convex and conglomerated, not bordered, black ; in- 
side blackish grey. 
Lichen arthroocarpus, char. Prod. (173 Engl. Bot. 1829, 
Lichen gibbosus, Dicks. Crypt. 2, 6. 
Verrucaria fumosa, Hoffm. Germ. 190. 
Lecida cecumena, Achar. Meth. 42; Lich. 157. 
Lecidea fumosa, wd4char. Lich. 157. 
On stones, and dry, exposed rocks. 
4, Lecidea petra. Rock lecidea, 
Crust thin, round, very finely cracked, nearly powdery, 
white; apothecia innate in the crust, thick, protuberant, 
nearly concentric, black; inside same colour; centre sunk 
in, edge swollen, raised, rather squeezed up. 
Lichen concentricus, Davies Lin. Tr. 2,284; Engl. Bot, 246. 
Lichen petraeus, Wulf. in Jacq. Coll. 3, 116. 
Verrucaria petrea, Hoffm. Germ, 184, 
Lecidwa petra, Achar, Meth. 313 Lich. 155, 
On stones and rocks. 
