100 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
2% 7 
weathers; but we shall, I am convinced, be found in the 
end to have steered our bark more safely. In other words, | 
Jat, 
fine white sand, ane will give them a greyish or slate- 
nh] a 
f—) 
ere omitted. 
wth we make, let it be honestly done, 
th good 
and in fair daylight, It is well known that a gar- 
coloured Ep aera: w sm the mcd, are housed the aon 
The bes t mats will ae last one season for he ss | Taves are removed, and whenever the ts at makes its 
aary P PPE: sre am aaa ie © this effectu- 
1d 
dry sta wey 
deneérs are very fond of putting their ” lants, their aces Asphalte s all 
their ¢ cuc cumbers, their pines, &e. &c. o-bed w ” as | peck Be ote ae: and their b f 
rt Wes ,and | over, th ying aboy Weis flowering is over, the pie at it “exiiceilt for 
is but ti f tk » and | it to the thickness of the wooden f yirg 3 le ave a about a ortuight. to the sun n and air, to harden th 
oe s 
} 
the pha of — ma vender A ag ininence of solar | 
li ght, a nd the secretions quent be The main 
a use ai ne 7 = 
occurs, and not to waste it it, if T may ee the express: 
and thus by ring, by the the atmosphere of of a peewen eatly 
fri of fre: 
im en morn 
pee es hy unshine occurs, po ay away ai 
entirely early in the A sag and it at that time the 
as they ought to 
be), we are in possession of a powerful so 
has been long ago demonstrated by 
ory on dew, is of itself an impor rtant means of resisting 
cold, the air If, then, each 
asphalte shut ris in the first pace pack to Risre: mats 
for resisting poy and lasts for 10 y ars, rae t of 8s., 
which allow 
erence 
are Bg: ced in a sheltered situ’ 
new 
s 2s. for tarri Hd during he edith 
ie wood 
Those plants which are intended 
S$ spec imen plants the a ack season, after hea eading down, 
hoe when little water is 
ts are an inch Jong, are 
, the cng 
given, and as ie = ths 
repotied into pot 
soil is shakén a the roots, and good dra) rainage given 
The plants thus prs bt kept in Fetter health Sart 
the winter, from havi: ss soil about their roots. 
of se banat will be thus: air, asphalio mange Ss; 
30 mats, Is. 3d. each y—profit, 17. 17s. 
tted fi ey are phe ee | aoe a stage ina shady “uae 
removed into | the house at the proper time, and u 
also the sgpetuase advantage of 
every 0 e kn nows, is gre ie 
peri 
These shutters have 
preserving glass, which, i. 
m those plants which are intended for or ky 
solar 
pure atmosphere, with abundance of Page's 
thing that remains then for the remainder of the ni 
unless i _in cases of particular emergency. We hear a aoe 
‘: will bear, but for my own part I pay little 
bh. matters: a sig Rp if such it may be 
_— of 50° to 55° (a few things, such as wey ertpe 
fore ncbeies © Syn is quite sufficient 
poe 
petite ‘ sag ng, ‘a coseenmney fori ‘light, 
pase ale gn er liberties may be taken with arti- 
ficial hea’ 
mats 
or straw is used for oiditnal protectio 
hairs 
2 begin to show their bloom, they receive Additional 
a taation’ <" alittle iquid manure is occasionall 
But the Leite of asphalte coverings are not con- 
» &c. Porta py houses may be 
are no ae ieee over the toi - 
gau 
ned to pits 
pe a capacity of two three cubic feet t 
thousands, Lal the protection, daring tae ea oder 
These structures can be ma 
e: being in 
f 
n four square or 
ze blinds, and every precaution 
taken t _their beauty they are never allowed 
to flag from 1 exposui the sun or want of water. Ire. 
de in yeaeets commend every grower t tb begin early to train his plants 
for paar ss : 
dire rection may be given to the stems; a uniform and 
si vas4 -g 
parallelogram pieces, and the roof in 
‘J 
and the 
Such contrivances I yt long wished to see gp di 
that 
t we have so many eeeceat- 
the open 
pcm will require fewer wappert reas es P ulling shout 
a the time thi ing. | The fi 
ive their 
should be so arranged as 
bloom over _ Paacy of ~ Side to- ‘et wheh the 
stems must be mall willow twigs. _ Practice 
Tam 7 opinion that if we had some non-conducting me- | ing exotics almos hardy enough to stand in 
dium, such as canvas, on our hothouse gy: - Bi we | ground, and only pi a ment protection g 
— do with much less" fir e-hea t than uired ; and nines spring. | Le mig ia have a man 
ing willbe deemed indispensable. The p 1 effect th did hybrid d fi which a 
radiation, ded ender to s mn air? Strctres ‘ormed of 
= “ south-easter” pores and, it may -be, ie a ‘0° oa te ri mie emoved piece b dig 
eal wi 
‘When I was ou ou 
August 3 nen year, Mr. Paxto 
a 
— — cat ‘ie whole rach pid cect y 
the of m ime mi weather _ Certainly such 
the less art is peace the better, and the means should 
always bat at ors ‘s Pa 
The compos for my _Pelargoniums i is the follow- 
roof of thatch as a covering to an s orcidaceous strestari would ‘ber ach 1 y app ditto well-rotted ao mgs , three years old—this re- 
house; it moved in a groove, and had, f g f str: I could t over in winter, to destroy 
conducting cavity between it and the aa idea | wish the attention of t ty of London wo ects ; ; “one peck of silver sand; - 
struck me as ee Ita s to me, however, that | were directed to this means ap ee the many valu- ito bf “fone dust Teed a winter repottii sy Se a little m 
with such co a different night management d E iful 1 ded.— W. Catleugh, Hans-place 
— 
ther s to which such shutters might be applied i in 
private pat con are many, § 
ing use te water in the afternoon on the floors, &c., and uch as covering mushroom- RURAL CHEMISTRY—No. IT. 
of air esca) ema ai night through on out of doors—proteeting the blossoms of fruit-trees ars ip avery pup we pee that there are four elemen! 
the back ventilators. I hope Mr, Paxton will be induced spring autumn rth, fire, and w and m any people believe that 
state the results of this mois, ‘oa ary benefit of the ets ring of plan 
pines public.— ¢ Errin nate Gardens, perpentealeey: ‘they poet make excellent screens for This is Bond incorrect, Dae e there are many sub- 
Oulton Park, near Middlewic arly y peas require shelter in polis: of these so-called ele- 
~ protection in autumn.—C. M ‘“Intosh, Dalkeith Pa-| ments; and they tre ese, themselves compounded of 
see peated ‘ifferent substan The term elements, in the 
———————E 
A NEW pacing re PROTECTING MA ATERIAL. 
Ken vering Sony 
TRE usual mod 
mats is — as see 
annual se, the bad of ti uncover- 
ing, the Sree of glass, ca their not excluding damp, 
y be reckoned rhe the principal. To obviate these 
pent deeb serserr ben been a dende ratum me for years. 
eterna em material which is at the i thas 
momical, catweae and effectual, AA which may be 
ae at much less expense than any other thing I 
ave 
This s Pocock’s Patent Asphalte Roofing, 
sold in pews Gi in. ty 32in. at 44d. each, or about 13d. 
es Rig foot. Its wei ght i is only 60 a to the 100 ft. 
Tt has b fros nd to a heat 
of "2200 without injury ; 3 bei of 1 eat, is 
ooler in summer an and warmer in wate, ry therefore | 
lik for shading from 
URE OF pas ae 
I BEG woe thro the medium of ilerdin ers’ 
bdrm a reply ly to the inquiries of a ‘correspondent 
| relative to e cultivation and managemen of t Pelar 
nse in which it is re y che abies io means a certain set 
of esta substances, which by ecapeuycietie or gaye 4 to- 
gether, rm. all the various matter: s that 
To. f soap, can 
t f soap are alkali and tallow ; 3 but "then 
gonium. I 
pr 
pare the = of an op en baoger about the middle ps July, 
and plant my cutti Be situation chosen is exposed 
. the ei one the middle of the day. In ie: six 
eeks the cui will be sufficiently rooted to remove, 
e Wo 
pris 
tag main in a shady ste sagt tat 
three weeks, be vehich tes jae ca will be well esta- 
blished, and bear removing to 
under the influence of the 
attain a necessary degree we 
the sun. In texture the ma — les the improved | 
hair a 
r the winter, which is gene- 
rally done about the end of Pagan the time ‘varies 
mihi 2 which can only be ascertained by chemie®. ex 
ments. In this way, then, we may analyse, or pa ‘to 
pieces, 
unable to epson or coer them any Powe dei ond 
n are called elements, oF 
the substances which then 
simple substances. Ther are upwards 
elements, but it will not be necessary to 
and if cag of the whole series, because _m 
ill commence with those substances ahi ch 
test importance, whether simple or com- 
ecvhat ei gradually go through them, before entering 
upo on the bea ensoil Aas of oe caer Foremost in im tl 2 
substa' 
resemb 
Patent dead and appears to be a combination o: 
tien ebeceoces, intimately united by excessive 
pressure, bea ie it ring urability, a an even 
surface ; saturated with an asphaltic com — 
tion, it is completely waterproof. used it here 
ro of the 
mee. fa peak. I a them 
pel ga them into 48- sized 
ses from fro beg 
a diate, and — ‘them 
* a third or fourth joint, an 
hose properties we are about 
tak Fe to think of the Arr as being merely 
pee space we move about through it without felog 
Ile un. 
I have 
cover 300 fee’ ti in Jength of cold pits, in which are Kept 
PR Sa the w I give 
5 
wintering lettuce, endive, autumnal caulifiower, and a 
d 
© pas 
ut little air ducing a ey or ten’ a rh “pts ‘will = 
then re-es tablish ed, and afterwards as mui 
nary productions as require protection 
winter. Ihave also a number of shutters made of he 
same © material for coveri vering the lights of forcing pits, and 
ir may 
atmosphere will emit until the 
ust be k 
e know, we wssally fret gh stence 
like anything high A ot t 
ry pa surface 
else wi 
The fact is, that ev 
beginning The side-lights 
eo would resist any , iene of cold, still I peed ‘ a prin- 
cipal point in culture to use as little fire-heat as coon 
I have constructed the cold pits here, that i is, such = 
ee 
ial] 
tndt 
Dee ber. 
pape =. the ites i of cold winds. The pots by 
time will be w vei generac roots, and the plants will 
pe 
tied up, we feel that the bladder i is fall of 
requiee ire shifting into 3 ed po 
is now added must be soar with caution ; being of a dry- 
ing nature, it is = used near the surface of the soil ; the 
ab pen topped at the third joi nt, the 
contains, and which, t 
aside, by anything moving ee it, pos Songy an 
Vina ¢ 1 e 2 
and to en amg with these, I have had wooden hae 
These frames are formed 
d then allowed to fall to 40° or 42°, at which it is cee 
The flues are damped two or three times 5 every ae to 
and ii 
i 
> — and that the sides of the bladder 
And again, when w orking @ pair o! 
; ‘About & the ile of t Febraary. thse on. which are 
rai of oe — which h constitutes the labour of working 
bell the nozzle of the bellows 
24-sized pots; those of vigorous growth will require 
on pe 
up, we patel find that it is impossible te go. 
r, because havi in as zneh 
the bellows any longe ying forced 
— fag . small stick is now put to each stem, t to 
rain them uniform and well- sha aped sone _ In 
FY 
made of the ee 
of ik ton and a m rail, and two side rails, 14 in. thick 
ete hey P 
+ iin. b Hin are eggs and another e.2 like 
size at the middle of the fra: ross it, 
the side rails. To! ie the ‘acai tea! ‘see cat 
y copper tacks (but iron or tin tacks made w and 
cooled in oil will answer as pet), thus forming ‘shatters 
6 ft. by 4ft., weighing 24 and costing 6s. each, 
that is, 2s. dd. for as te coverin ering, 2d. for ao 3s. 7d. 
for maa pay 
These roof. shutters are vastly preferable to R 
are syri ere ver the top three times a week ; this is done 
about four —- at the time the fines is se and 
The h 
= — = t have tee ij yt last. for 10 pe 
use th afte 
ie well dried, be stored ina dry poner got eH Vea : 
oil-paint wi 
the nature of the material they will not take oil. with | 
tage, but may perhaps be improved if thinly coated 
Gen couetcn cal ape ge teak anak een} 
while the tar is still soft to over them some | 
—e weeks. well 
damped every y evening at m 
opened seg: rst thing in the morning, to allow the damp 
air to escape; al during ia day all the air is (admit ed 
ith safe 
existence 
Although we are so aac. of the ent ou nor 
the air, oa is of the greatest importance to 
occupatio _ Wi ithout 
could naan could 
indeed, without: air arth animals 573 
have neither. fires nor iehts: and, 
lants could live, 
the life ani 
e growth of plants and the burning oe coals and 
no £ can Dg s ven he 
0 bloo e fre y watered, and pees from the 
lar od of pal sun — middle of the day 
by means of canvas, and peg tained in blossom a 
If a lighted candle is put into.a large gos bottle, an 
the bottle then stopped up, the candle soon. 
dim, and in a short time goes out. “The & 
