344 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
[N° 99. 
galanin lie Paice par. 
ecrease. 
Sinensis, which are hardly to be got in England, and I think ce grows with a dwarf habit. I have, however, one the same important part equally in all classes of plants and | 
in the spring I shall find it worth while to send over a gathered in a rich swa: ae. * Ss... Por Cxeanee, EE shape of a leaf in one genus of plants ¥ 
ight be common to all the included species, and be therefore : 
se sag about five miles from Boston, with 19 fi incapable of affording a haracter, while in the next genus 
"Boston, U. Sy 31st Dec., Pesala as I do, se who yas _ the height of the — or group ¢ es plats it might vary in every species, and the variation be constant in 
£ it Botan nie cal -~ nd Hor Th appea’ of the mag- bei cies. This he most i ident source of distinction between 
fe subjects s LE i "OF this most eau rose hee sp ay is he tte: - ee cat ‘aw * the w ae 
= residence in the vicinity of Lond Slscred ier Ik mend about 35 miles | died by naturalists, or its valan rightly appreciat , <iheicaion se 
much sur meet that so few of the beautiful posted | from Boston, and five eine Beat of Plymouth: —— — have <a japronbsgeon phenomenon of imperfect 
ae which abound in ass section of the Uni tates | it grows there in abundance on xy rac of a pond; it | Seer shore fully investigated, it is Sok tmaprtbane Wale ole 
are in the erin of Eur pe, and more Sahn ai in is eo Ihave some plants i in pots, raised 0 sed, be enabled to express s undulations di atically pete 
those of En: d i t rti In metrical curves. ; illustrate these positions, so import- 
tak pu SOR prevails. ‘ f th ant to th tanist, y to int out a source of character 
ry ich has not been sufficiently appreciated, he hi i 
poleene, i. mal send you from time to time an account pond. is also found Paes shea in pe Gerardia peice in a pontich oF bik Sink eres cabeseten oo elie 
of some of flava, glauca, pedicularia, &c., are tall growing elegant | species of the family of Violacee. Amongst the irr 
soil, ~ situation of og ‘native habitats, _&e. for inser- plants, with bright straw ye aoe flowers, about the size of | flowered genera of this family the st a are often provided with 4 
tion. seems proper. ee La nthe month of August nd lorsal appendages, styled by some botanists nectaries, which are 
- 2 %, 1 n the spur of the flower. These have been generally re- 
w on the differences of climate here beginning of a ae ia, They ound yin ary rocky f generic im; ce only. By comparing the nec. 
pir in a ale nd. in abun dan There is some difficulty in trans- Pansey with that of a Dog Violet a difference will be ob- 
The prevalence of the westerly winds The whole plant is extremely tender to | Srl eto ee re, nn 
the natural evaporation from a large sur rface of ocean, | the pon hay the slightest laceration of the c rom turning | above seventy species of Violets, chiefly from th ehtaatuneey 
f New fo madiend, that mother of ae black. I yohe no doubt this case also | Dr. Greville. The results were as follow :—1. Form of Nectaries, 
dd ‘0 much moist ure as very ith the oot t and Spongioles, | which are therefor easily | The most common is lancet-shaped, which prevails among the 
re Oy ee is like many allies of Viola canina and V. odo: ; the next is linear, chiefly 
greatly y “ mh eat Si sig seen in the Pansies; the third is rotund, a rare form, of which ¥. 
ther ; tk t palustris presents an ple, 2. Relations of Nectary and Spur, 
This tunic, previous to ripeni = seed, is a | —The spur bey i gon: Soe the form of the : | 
when the nectary is lancet-shaped the spur is generally broad ; 
of much of Oh the sun’s direct influence. Here we have w aca very aw oe set for the nae : yr it 2 ms Sous shia bate, ie neneciied wit * yt os me 
of one een skies, ies both summer and winter, any value or use after ripen ing o e see cannot >| spur; en linear, with a long slender spur, often of 
the the son _unimp eded by the eckiese of th ts, it ap- | length, as in t sies. Viola pedata and a few exotic speci 
Every preston will thi d baal cg nh pms seen saree nectaries. 3. Relation of 
med ‘ ry and Colour o ower.—Colour is generally carel 
plants, young Panes: There is room for much curious roan OB |S oted in botanic ; sind often omitted, baat as inane : 
aa bits of these BtEry ” Bere ia purpurea, tenui- it tmay assume a spec portance, and in ; it may 
Tasha’. cannot flourish pate a gp ctan ton viche and | folia, ich flouri oh eet rete almost e source of essential character. In the genus Viola, 
heat, “accompanied by the increased damp! ness which they “every i spot mais They a found on bine, yellow, purple, and too pened a = Pinion 
" dry places, but then become of prions pore hgs Their pent ae abnormally into white. These distinctions cs can 
A hygrometrical register might easily be kept redy vat we | lovely rose-coloured, but fugacious flowers are extremely | portance in the investigation of nearly allied species, si 
cannot, unfortun rp — the instruments: I am not, | ornamental and lively Viola canina and V. montana. In the one case the yellow passes 
Kanne s of registering the intensit ——— into white, in the other into purple. White is rarely th mal 
fii one . CES OF NEW PLANTS WHICH ARE | “low faviolet. Thelancet-shaped nec y associated 
of light. NOTI with blue flowers, some with the yellows into white, 
The wi here are much colder than with you, our ‘aa EITHER be chap “ee Becca omer ‘ but never with the anes which pass inte purple, they having 
- N US MACULA’ rt. ove | always nectaries e violets whic’ normally white, 
thermometer frequently zunging as ja Saye . rub Juin the hot damp nds of Df esac y an and trees, peste from blue, have always lanceolate or rotund ap td . 
zero. is is an entire bar to the growth of the beautiful | where Orchidacew and Ferns delight to grow, are found many | never linear. ed Violets have always flow purple. 
evergreens which adorn the h winter garden, the | species of the beautiful genus Aischynanthus, whose stems blue or its derivative, white, with ee appendages ; but 
laurel, laurustinus, &c. being here greenhouse — , | to such surfaces, and are said tain themselves by aerial | the colour does not necessarily imply the odour. The Yellows 
F thi co waeat line nature fate however ue! ed roots, like those of onr ivy. In our garde veral have ni wh lo not pass into st ba a have always lancet-shaped append- 
rom this seve provided | een established, not, however, under the es that properly | ages. Among the = Violets — lancet-shaped._nectaries 
sufficient protection in bie belong to them, but with such as error or ve dictated. | are found lonethsining int seeemien the mixture of purple in 
fi for the ink t: Foie for instance, that in the gardens rejoices in the name of the | the blue, but the contrary in — rs and their deriva. 
a thi sk c covering of sno. Wy eB,” ¢ sissimus,) is not the species so named by Dr. ilk-white o Nectary and Leaf.—The 
aot — 43 tertio the a ad vallich, which has larger and smaller corollas; neitheris greater p: art si teed Vislets with ¢ poe ah leaves have lancet-shaped 
P eae sk growt! moss, in which protection : ae it that which Dr. Roxburg! “the itical,”> from th es, as have all those with lanceolate or truly ovate leaves, 
roots are completely and thickly -enveloped. forests of the Garrow hills, as some will have it ; for that species | and some of the A few Ga th cordate and some 
another circumstance whi s for years at has flowers ‘‘large, pendulous, crimson-yellow, approaching in | with pinnato- palmate leaves have linear appendages. All the 
Sa gan iin and on which I have only been | *22P¢ 4ndsizeto those of oe z sg Foxglove. It | Pansies or Violets with ovato-spathulate leaves have also linear 
ny 9. + Y appears, on the. contrary, to well-mark tinct | appeni Mr. Fo orbes also pointed ou ut—5. The relation of the 
ar agty boosh nbs instit ex 3 | from all enumerat ang eg ge No doubt 4 is a native Nectary to piesa and Stipules; 6. Relation of Nectary to * 
I all the great ex lectricity which pervades | India, but from what part, pics ed does — ap lepok Stem ; and 7. The geographical distri! tribution of Violets omine® 
lima A stove plant, requiring a mg heat and damp atmosphere | their Nectaries. By considering and properly grouping the c’ 
the stmonpre tnt ee _L have been often: astonished during the growing season. It is cultivated best when fastened | racters to be obtained from these relati thought a very 
be nich piece of rough stick, placed in the pot, the remaining | na’ ent of this decent made.— 
3 ae : s pace ar the pot being filled up with = pent wieeare nare Soot Mr. Forbes then stated ~~ y his vie a = 
rom othe D un reasin i the : ee mo tytn d oti asmall portion of loam. es Y | claims of i age olets described our Floras to 
fi an ye eS ng in t e a, and a me from ¢ cot ator Mean eiael saukibemntn pare we as §) em deninen ts oe varieties of 
partic — flowering, for the time of flowering d Viola lutea had been He even 
time the comb passes ; through with any rapidity. » each i in- more on the meg arerested than the season.— Bot. Reg. feng that V. tricolor mien Goesiniy be fofexed to metas species. 
pcre real will stand er. fe Borealis is also qui se Oigpolenite Cuma . Mr~Cuming’s Coel6gyne.—(Stove a ed generally with Mr. Forbes’ views, 
That this e of the atmosphere exist: | phyte.)—Ofren Sinaapoels re has-been visited, it still ms ti oe in the pape ead to the Society and in his sub- 
oe I hav e little ee | abound in hand unknown species of Orchidaceous plants. e tement: qo cs ed that in cultivated —— 
o | Among thése collected by Mr. Cuming, by him hotly 'S. | a considerable ievatinn, ath ere formerly V. lutea used t: 
ae t its effect is considerable on vegetation, | Loddiges, was the present, which, when in good flow very | V. tricolor had taken its place; whilst on the surr aioe Lee 
paotorh on some plants more than where. This is, | pretty species, with fine white Se and a bright "yellow bloteh vai had not been Sebel + lutea existed as before. 
however, a subject upon which I cann ea give you all my | 00 thelabellum. | The elevated Hdges which decotateit are three » On the Botanical Characters of the British Oaks 5 by Dr 
. bse in number, the intermediate one being the shortest ; they are ter- hatte —Dr. Greville mentioned that during the last three years 
, ‘ I merely advert to | minated by adeep orange s and have asmall outlying toothed | he had paid considerable attention to the botanical characters 
it now with a d to call more gos attention to it | ap oneach side of the outer ridges towards the termina- | employed in the discrimination of the British Gaks. He stated 
} it h d tion. — to these — —— wis poncatt of the iabel- | that his observations were found bes ror rie =o 
lum. that many tribes ef Ciclicaceous owe their varied as- | yast number of individ ; and in reading his paper referred 
At hed of our beautiful plants stands Calopogon pect and much of their beauty; they also, as ore | numerous figures illustrating the most striking forms of the leaf, 
ja, which certainly exceeds Bletia age observed, furnish the best characters for distinguishing the spe- | al e and young fruit. In Te- 
ben in colour and singularity of structure. This plant cies. It should be tivated in a very warm stove, | view apposed to reside in the leaf, he showed that 
plenti ul from three to five miles from Boston : it oe such as suits Dendrobiums and plants of that kind. The pot must | the relative length of the inconstant. Nocharac- 
o ef odes ee ell drained and filled with turfy-peat or sphagnum, to which | ter could be obtained from circumscription of the leaf, as all 
pri ae. Py ph & he creeping stem should be fastened with wooden pegs. and the | f into each other. Nor did the strict outline afford any 
ado-bulbs left uncovered. If water is allowed to lodge about de. The base ies in each species; the lobes 
the swamp ; ined Ae six abe mee the sur- | the young shoots, they are very apt to be injured by it.— Bot. Reg. | sometimes rounded when the sin acute, and vice versa; 
face ; ; the mould is geaeral licht black, Waniiec and coin MAXILLA’RIA Riso'NI#. Mrs. Harrison’s and sometimes both lobes and sinuses are obtuse; at others both 
y NS * es N= | (store Epiphyte.)—A delicate white variety of this beautiful epi- | are acute. T starry Pi attribut fessor Don 
y | phyte has been imported by Messrs. Loddiges. The sepals and Q. intermedia, Dr. Greville it in @ 
plants, most frequently (Vaccinia, cemcangent ‘Ke. { boone area ae cream colour, just od with violet at the ee ter omless degree in ae young state of pion all the farms, 
ae oat OF aon former. The lip is the same as in the original variety, but | and infact could be traced in the adult state of nearly te ko. 
coulis to Oy aes {aS ct a: sosaliors. ifthe lea be takes in conjunction with 
these roots? I have never e been able to observe a PR OCEEDINGS Rest SOCIETIES. peduncle, no ter whatever presented self and = 
attachment to them. Itis ery oisile my want of ine [We hasten to corr orien into our Report | the author agreed with Mr. Leigh: in his remark that thelea 
ee gs a t meeting at th a ee Society. | of Oaks Pics — — esi to 
ae i i. | OF presence or ive length o1 ~ 
although — as much as in my power to make it. = see Om ‘anda feres, and Gym a age eye regard to the peduncle itself, every intermedia’ 
—Pogonia ophioglossoides. An elegant little pices a | e ; i ‘ i véol observed n the elongated form, five inches in length, 88 
ieee aepe leg: The name of Mr. rere gardener is Dodeneade, not Dowson; and | ° ite total abecnce.—It 
plant uk 0 ngle flower, pink and white, the labellum | Cam was shown by J. Coster, Esq. (not Foster), | in specimens ¢ gage SN oan eee 
yellowish, with pink stripes and crested, in wet swamps, ta EOT ANICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH. becomes shorter: it is eenerally ‘ened or distorted, and — 
scarcely any earth, the fibrous roots | enveloped in red - ‘Society met on Thursday evening the 11th of | present (as it sometimes is) in Q. sessilificra, it is very short 
nums, through w March in the Royal Institution; Dr. Greville in the chair. The | robust. It appears that as the peduncle deviates ee 
1 to five miles distance ; as difficult “ tran vient following gentlemen were elected fellows of the s —Resi- eas it is found in Q. Robur, and becomes more rr ; 
; aa ilvi g the {no lo produced at the usual in 
as the Sarieer —Arethusa bulbosa. The larg fellows: 1. Joun F. Ogilvie, Esq., M-A., St. Cuthbert’s Glebe, length the peduncie 
x rt — 3s ian-road: 2. R. M. Stark, Esq., 10, Annandale-street; 3. E. | are developed in a ch manner, ngth ecaaila 
howy of our orchidacee, grows in rede ncein | Thorne Wait, Esq. 16, Dublin-street.. Non-resident fell becomes so short as to render them almost, if not piers 
Swampy meadows ; earth light and sandy. I have never} 1. John Dennistoun, Esq.,Greenock; 2 , Esq., Green- e acorns are as sportive as the leaves, so beetie ingly or in 
= move this, but suppose} owing to its bulbous root, | ok; 3- G in R. Purcell O’Leary, Esq., A.B., Paris; 4. Robt | Which have been hitherto employed, whethet (Aes tative oaks. 
hat th ty a dee P oxburgh, Greenock; 5. Esq., A.B., mbination, to be available for separating 0' 
eager family ai another 
ere remain many yet 
‘ Proce to the gentianaceous, apr: ‘these 
the most beautiful of our a gen- 
nty about two miles fro 
ps » and grows: 
an annual, Tou ia 
a ponds of water+ it ee sandy ‘the side 
long grass during the summer, and diffieait 
bloom in the mo neem ag 
with many other ‘eons om oe 
bt 5 a ee sda 
it vegetate. I confes: 
my experiments iaie net been 
cient care. ia = 
the preceding for cil; it Sowes SS 
unications were read: | under his observation, and to the reported. in the 
—1, On the specific value of the antherine appendages in the | lity of the timber of Q. Robur and Q silifiora, the eornn agen 
genus Viola; by Mr. Ed: ‘bes. The author, in the introduc- | cluded by ol » “it way still be question haere 
tion to this. i at “form is the chief, if not the | periority of the one timber over the other is on specie 
only, source of specific character in the vegetable kingdom. | difference of the tree. Th subject is one of vast im ets 
mong animals external form is mostly an indication of internal | still requires much investigation. | It has not bec my power 
structure, and ee ing ce is derivative. But mg | & the wood of which my specimens were ot 
vegetables external fi is often itself structure, or, er, | tained, and therefore I Sapracdaite screen mee smallest ie ae 
equivalent to the iternal generat of animals. Structure is a | this part of the subject. My only object at t Aagnerie "4 
modification of — for the performance of some function in the | that the received cal characters ch Q. inte 
” such modifi is usual! media, an at present mae L aoe ote 
an involution of f ‘orm—in plants the reverse; hence there is no | bly and com each ne agar eref Se a 
in the saying, that a plantis an animal | depended on in | i acorns a eres ‘most 
ee *& Se aa cer ockprt ws ‘The paper os oa 
table kingdom, such portions of the structure extensive 7 ico ~ Greville” 
: part in their classification; but in the showing every conceivable versssom tu the length of the Periods 
sr ee ee oe anti et of external and outline of theleaf | St oft 
> tion.” a most bom ars ook superset i that the an ee 
atten! ethen went on to De ; by eof the ‘the member? 
organs and systems do pot i play 
S 
