534 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. [N° 33. 
can be attested by many who take delight in the investi- | Mason’s Hygrometer, is the one best fitted for the hot- } 
gation of the creation. Ever since the paper on ad house, en gy ple, self-acting economical, and certain,” 
humble-bee went js ea TESS peers of Fuschias and Lark- | and requiring the least ae to keep it in working | 
cooled below that temperature and if the ext 
not — to be lower i pes rey 
he need not trouble himself about covering. ys ~— 
spurs hay e been perfora y the bees in the same | order. Mason’s instrament is, however, not indispen- ————— 
B e, as every rl: 7 readily convert any common PROCEEDINGS OF SO CI id TIES. 
Ra bbits.—J. Pi shou a hes vag oi precise in his | thermometer into a hygrometer. at is required is BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF EDIN GH. 
question as to the “ eg ikon ie catching  aubabiain | to cut away a portion of the wood on which the tube is | 4pr? ril 8th, shone irs ae pieg bes President, - c~ Chale 
ie > e 
we presume) rabbits,” if he mean se that _ ea mal mounted, so as frecly to expose the Ace and to cover the | on resident Fellow. The following ena pers: Bes. a 
annoy him. f rabbits in sean ere are ¥ modes | latter fi to w ter must be sup- | 1. Notice of a variety of Papaver Rheas found n serenade 
of destruction, according to oma stances. “it or are | plied by means of a few threads from a * phial placed near. | by Dr. J. H. Balfour. A specimen was exhibited, having pedun. 
found in burrows in open ground, as in a warren, they | Of course another thermometer, to indicate the tempe- er etd hae _— on the same plant, showing 
ean be caught by ferreting nal netting the eden but | rature of the air, requires to be suspe eg e poe to that cies in this pe sing 2. eaaicke ont gr oD a 
that requires some skill and practice ;—but the mes * with the wet bulb, and care must be pte when d f Marchantia, by G. Dickie, Ab pein 
feetual mode is t Ayana out, and that work com oth mark the same degree of heat. To ri ~~ accurate € an account of some portions of the minute structure of the 
labourers can perform; running a long flexible rod ‘of the dry-bulb thermometer should be covered with a fronds, the peduncles, the receptacles, and of the bodies: called 
i f ei h anthers, accompanied by magnified drawings of He 
hazel or willow into ae hole to ascertain its direct similar piece of cambric, though this is hardly necessary, | gined that the genus Marchantia, from the observations he had 
very much lessons the — and may be inconvenient where syringe is so often ade, f link between Jungermanni d Riccia, and 
tremity rod. Always fill up and ram down burrows | used. Other modifications may be adopted, such as Ru- moar > re mae Aida Boggs rate genus. % Notice of 
ab ey alar 
r they are dug up; if sei you know where to tie rford’s thermometer ; or by u g Six’s, or one con- | Just, Bere ancashire. The dist ppesranct of Topldions teeter 
dig again for rabbits. They can also be caught by setting seen after oi Traill’s be the maximum and | Orchis mascula, var. alba, and Orchis mac . from 4 
steel-traps at ~ ares of their holes; ai a pet ng nimum of moisture can be registered by one bulb, | English localities, was mentioned; also the of several 
springes in thei in open gro ound 5 but wo The theor ry 0 of all these instruments is known every ite ee we Sacdh ot camino were: Pa 
m in 
ca require aan p Ifthey is observations on the subject, and to | py Mr. James M‘Nab. (This paper is pristen entira gg 
woods w ith thi ck under-cover, or  furae coverts, whieh a save. the troub calculation, some little time ago | partofour Journal). 5. On the Timber T of C , by Mr. 
I prepared ~ hed few a table of the dew-point, to be | © laart. The economical uses of nearly ies of tim. 
in, netting is the best plan,— hod is | hung up he instrument, of which I enclose a copy. seatinns of Sat fo rage a lem nee “1 a th a 
* a ol 
to intersect the coverts with srg narrow abou, say 3 | —G. Wailes. were especially remarkable for their closeness of graii i cag 
feet wide, so as to en- | TABLE of the Dew-Poinr when the temperature of the air, in | ty, and were stated oe fford e: t terial a 
' Pi > Rio 
cl cre, according _the 2 shade, is between 55° and 100° of Fahrenheit. and for building houses, ships, &c, As yet, compar: yt tess 
to the length of your net ; then. a row of stout stakes, og ifference between the Dry and Moistened Thermo- cary Satin wo es Imported i into Europe, ie Bony, Calamani, 
al Be hei meters in degrees of Fahrenheit. pean market. Mr. K. noticed particularly the woods of the fol- 
anf Ff 2 P| | 3 «| 59 6| 70 | 9° oles 19°14°|15 Se species, viz.—Aigle marmelos, Diospyros Ebenaster, hir- 
= a Tange is ye ae = the cord that } --|-—|- - suta, and Ebenus; Cocos nucifera, Artocarpus integrifolia, and 
through the upper side of the Det, the net being sana “ hay i 43 F = ora ae Vitex trifolia, Dalbergia eopanionl mg 
it to hang loose A when 32 150 148 27 ea oa Swietenia Chloroxylon, Hibiscus tilfaceus, Scopolia 
let dow 98 rt yokicbed and the no t pro- 53 {51 49 | 2g |25 |23 pusilla, Bauhinia tomentosa, Cassia Fistula, Calyptranthes Jam- 
perly f fixed stove, res cord at the lower side of the net 4 168 180.14 A OE baace- et cre Premera a dow isa ae 
° 55 |53 |51 27 |25 ’ 
z ig he top of § as to 56 154 4 at rd be phyllum Inophyllum and ac inatum, Dillenia di tata, Vateria 
li ; 57 [55 |53 32 |29 |27 padica, Dipteroearpus. turbinatus, Melia Azedarach, Mangifera 
sg ¢ 38 156 154 30 |23 = lor — ~ Leger eal Bs inz, Mimusops 
= - “a Saale abellifo: Tamarindus ge Tectona 
to feed. “About mi my > Geek will 59.157 1B 8219) 80 pei Murraya exotica. Several donation: to th were 
56 35 |32 |30 pape et 
2 turned to covert, a boy s should Sy a “ely vg aes apie \57 “ presente a by Mr. T: oralran. and Dr. Balfour. Some ¥i 
‘our pre eparation is the soul of rabbit-ca n. 37 32 | Collections of specim: e also pres| sented, including For 
= beta > = fe aa eee cand fig oy ae ol a pe: tt = prt ms Norful Island, brought ‘hens in see by Lieut. at, (eae 
mi elyan ; Australian plants from Dr. 
at the Pisce so as each t d 60 39 |36 a : fr 
ee 5s 61 0 137 ger ; plants from Madeira, from Dr. 9 Macaula aan Mr. J. 
view of des of th then let in dogs and beaters | 6 . B. Hamilton, &c. &c. 
Sie . 2 1 |38 
i sep square, and ae zebbits will aw ito 63 |60 oe 39 Erratum. - The proceedings of this Society oe a on the 
the net and goon entangle 64 43 {40 26th June were misdated May 25, instead of March 2: 
s ould run teh brebbit, tas itis cau o | 65 44 |41 Sony <niaher ASSOCIATION. 
a it in ‘<a and ee may ot ‘in its as i an 66 45 |42 European Pines, by Capt. 8. BE. Widd: — 
net, that y ara 67 46 |43 nN, “In thispaper the author gavean acco count of his ol 
& 47 \44 upon pe larae uring a recent tour in Austria and Upper G 
ccording to. your ft the net to 48 145 ustriaca, or nigrescens, partly covers in PB race of (ana, 
soothes ae Sas of 70 49 }46 tothe south and east of Vienna. It rr 
the a rt Iti is fag . bad “fm an before 7 50 |47 t and the foot of the mountains that divide 4 ‘aust i 
net is let down, to run dogs, if well broke, “through 72 51 .|48 and on the hills Baden; butin ST ete ae , it is 
“ am pong 4 cep ee drive the rers into cover. 7: 52 |49 displaced by the S and Scotch Firs sidering the eleva- 
Dogs at rst will be a bps into the net, but a little 3 74 33 150 tion and geography of these habitats, the author considered that 
aches them to“ woderatand 75 54 [51 it must be placed in the zone below sylvestris: at the same time 
ce Boe eg J. et @ 55 [52 thereis no question thatit is sufficiently hardy to resist any eoldto 
" ys , et urn to s questioe—If your rabbits are 7 56 [53 which it is liable to be exposed in Great Britain, This species is 
ery plentifu 7 57 |54 very nearly connected with P.taurica, or Pallasiana, The i 
its to a warrener for the winter mouths, when rabbit- cl pate re paige bagpipe oo ae “satya er as fees ine 
59 15 wo species as grown in the Botani Gar 
tothe Taide of Pebranty say from he: middle of November 81 60 |57 author was struck with the difference in the form of the scales. 
@ noi of Feb ruary, making telea rly un nde rstood, he $2 61 [58 From the quick :th of this tree, the great beauty of its foliage, 
ly ; this will make it his . re 4 pa is promt ae pre tae and of the deepest green, as well 
interest to ca s which the Austrian woodm 
rs ae liga ar Re ens md to to leaveno more breeders | 85 |82 G4 {61 pati et are paccto mek of Ps setieltietect it cannot be too 
. en engagement with him is 36 67 \65 |62 recommended to the attention of planters. It is equally fitted for 
om set to ae ie without mags (for the breeding season | 7 70 e 66 |63 the forest or the park, for use or for ornament, and its deep tints 
will inni in di and all o 7 67 |64 dmirable contrast with the light 
destruction, NBs) 3 oy ee ther — of 89 70 168 165 foliage of the elegant Pinus hispanica ; and it cannot be too ge- 
tion interrupts you. The ptosis ibis he sare- | 90 - 71 |69 ee neseliy Loe te ebationtee fan for she Finaetar, wvieh pe = 
3 rabbi hould 72 (70. {67 nately been tried in some p: of the West of En; id 
fully sought after, and the young ones destroyed. The | ~ the bulbs of both thermometers should be covered witha the timber of that species being comparati ey valuel —_— be in 
breeding burrow 3, called ee in some places, are made by of white silk or muslin, and pure water ponpting ns one of herd (Bie Arad dies a eesegel Ee el exe per sane rhe 
: ty separate aod ot » lie from a phial or other vessel placed near it, by a thread of fos strongly unged.ou those whohays the care of making TE FE, 
er deep, often in a field that is | 2 acting a asasiphon. The ofthe molikened tal and the | 2092; itt pipe. ‘uly, to plant the evergreens which are to 
pay ag ee ‘ie ry é pines r saa ireietic clesed the i dels aieee he tecewed Macaclaiiniieni’iiee sanre-Pethe ts vik” jal Ble le per ete gg A ae ig? aes 
B an fcnd y closes them up Sepia oeetote for all practical purposes, but the true decreas- | Sieeney, venonal's He was of opinion ha damen make'so 
goes to eed, and opens them when she returns to | ing ratio is 233 for each degree of depression indicated by the = tak a se a rape ‘ing, and no 
give suck to her young. Instinct teaches her this to keep | ™oistened thermometer.—To find the corresponding degree of omer selecting SO eee firemen oS 
polecats, weasels, &c. & as; :, | Leslie’s hygrometer, multiply the number of — difference nore tafe too oper: 50 richie” looked 
py 'e 7 C., and } e dry moistened thermometers by tire more youn tices poten nue 
ry z buck rabbi } . laces supp) where nece: case © 4 
YS the : [After having oO pobarer : pent , Ist, the ga Larch conor be planted a year or Be Sannnpgirent 2 eed 
— i “ mperature of thermome- e grass is gro an : 2 
ing. na ay, whomsoever Ei cory tay 0 pour ter. and. 2d; the diff ts! Bo he indi sag tection st the destruction of game, &c. The oe 
© Sepecnny yOer own: | Hon of the wet-bulb the ermometer, the dew-point can be Sanus anehes th set ger See compematet by the 
re may be still pal ape we cn among them), but not Secretar ue RPC SST ES ON tipo aad a oars, eo aeoaee 
ioe attached to their own, interest than other folk. sori Sherine Se upersivee of the cal tg as indica finit blige Bhan bd 8 to. ha 
bit-skins are too valuable to allow them cordiall ge to wi Whils iy ry Thermometer, J - 70° | better sorts. poy eapent igh upo! the _ Seosr 
for t the to ashe of the race, within: their o bP ag 7 ibe oes ek aon eg Sad peony ey from 
“ A ing information r ting this curious tree so grea . 
a,” Degrees of dryness by this instrumen . 6 | the inspection of the beautiful specimens at Dropmore, and 8 
or this long essay, and, as it is, th he i we seh = ned dye: “tem y» | Some other collections, he had not been quite satisfied of its being 
subj — heade ~ tempera rature, ete a fiers 
at is not done justice to (in the eyes nah a aner), shall fi his, and under 6° @ distinct species, he might, in the summary mode of combi, 
and be it remembered ie — an we oath 3 gg? ¥9 gore 5 ac ate im the ow who treat they never saw in their — pat 
, po s wiekatot 
“4 i August 4th, 1841. [We ie phe th vi whi *; Bios in 3 Ol ‘Gonbioteneere down as a ountain variety of it. + @ 
’ an me wre dew is depeitel accor ea go gm oa oubt, however, on the subject his late tour in 
some other friends for communications a on o this subject; | me 9 — 569 — 14° any has completely enabled him to remove. He first m wi 
1p ject ; a 56 — ~ ae legrée of ess by | it, though sparingis, im Up, In the Saltzkammergat 
enieil 8 aakviiinke: » OF vabers nee i oh hi “ id Spruce, 
itis “ A and aboye the Scotch an 
Tay of improvements in traps. A novelty a gardener would fi 7 P of aha aoe es = nace™ Mig on ena se Scfal region % 
rab we shall publish shortly, as soon as the | of oe A mo kt regard to moisture, by the indications | ee dk ina Portion was met with in bone eee ner on 
PL of one i nstrument as he would by the other. H Me its from the base almost to the ane epoining: 
ie Y e woul orass adjo’ 
at th . An extensive swam o m nore 
e Lo pemagerh apie of ue + 1 i with it; and 
mospiere of our he houses 8 iemsee, the principal lake of Bavaria, is cov ae 
ot is of the fi | : 4 few feet above 
w allowed by all; and igs ; mportan: ness, but tha he effect of its dwarf and even ee PT nots ee 
witch is the best jas a ses seems to via, by observing visbecn dryness was chotrare i coma expand i ee m4 rn He er the ground 
fe a Professor to Daniell 's, but that 28° was archin 3 and 7, ¥2 and ii Although it flourishes ™ this 
P < Ss sufficiently dry to bear tree 
best, but it unfit for the | strang “s fir ely any other 
_ ter the working gra he , Where po other ts only or favoured 
wad hae ai ade cree 6 So far these instruments are on an equality as regards Slaves -apabagtdha torso i me it extremely 
ry time the state of the air is ex- their results; whilst Mason’s has th habitat: er neigh g mountains, wher = tiie 
uaF whit i Ue = 8) — : as . e advantage of not | abundant, the author found it at the vase of the chan the aiid 
experiment to be made, nor an expensive gravelly beds of the torrent, it ually 
ry fond one, mah P = : or ehich separates 
Leplie 
otis fon od q' ag any en 
aia io i a ve swakcagesy substance like ether to be applied. The state of dryness, 
fray, ane totally “erent from those of of a “erecta, | dew-point is found at the oadie time uke aii ecleuta 
qe aires = a Pog Be a 
_ te meg thermometer, which has been long known, bana Pi gratep gina th vi tocar , Supposing itis 56°, 
‘( tigagh. ree recently y improved in form, under the name of | will take place 22 long a5 the glass of is. howse is not 
2 
—. to the very sammit of the range which it 
Bavaria and the Austrian Tyrol, living up to the very 
eee ee eee om forse 
not i 
ihe pear S capepege dgtion tree consists in its having eae regular 
Immediately above the ground it it divides into an 
ae smaller ‘and branches, which either sweep S0De 
ground, their jomenatios pointing upwards or rising 
