Dec. 18.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 831 
clay, — _ A.B. Lambert, Esq. ebost May or June i in| Nun chee ye the th sa Aug. 12.—We made a Bush. Ibs. Tbs. oz. 
1831, ¥ the ve tation is much iehi fabstracts from, - 
by Mr. Lestie Melville: Itis now it in ani sa av aghing r the Soll 7 30f — ac. 
feet in wes and 11 feet 4 inches in extent of ronan we b have called: at on ape Coast eons they have a very ome = eee vat0 eR ee Pa ee “ 
‘At 6 inches from _ ground it 1 fron 17 in nehes ati s of Cactus growing in abundance, but from | Beans A 8 
ference of the ary g V font its being so very rough : an it will be of no use for | A® ilinstration was ‘given en by the Professor of th use of this ta table 
circumfere TI il i ai th i ae in what he w: uld call * paceman eres mes in a which the phos- 
i 5 suet — of Cactus | phoric acid of 6 rm was calculated, and placed 
sand, mixed with a good deal of what we term her hat > of Afri There is a model Lon the debtor nA sere and tr gta ame of erste aro acid applied 
sandston a - is near - ae of a in = both cides | farm at some distance from the vetticwent, zie T had not - eas in ae — of bone-earth and animal manure was | la wen 
of which all the species of Fir grow very freely. ave | time i. visit it. The variety of plants is great, _ the side. In this manner an approach might be made 
— rape re it er rs sin ye . scamaieenes | G Graminese fora a Laces ‘feat ture. Indian Corn is cul- towards extn heed roman ae eee pocicted 
of which are planted on the top ana sices the hi = | tt 1 is season 2 % searce ed r fessor pointed out the necessity of ni- 
re mentione ers in a low situation, where the | in ~ Kay owing to the ravages of the locusts. trogen for the production of n in wheat, and consequently 
subsoil is a sti y, which are also growing very freely. | A species of Ficus is plentiful —_ the town, bearing =| pecore ame ae, bs Be tinended for’ _ erent al tener c 
[have struck a good many from cuttings, — have only | fruit close to the old branches; a — — enue recommended that the drainings of dung-heaps, and liquid ma- 
one planted out, which | is ante me Near the Same | out roots from the branches, a yar ar n length. | Dures, containing as they do large quantities of nitrogen, should 
spot where the Deodar i s plante r Th 4 Mal = are a land for wheat in water-carts, after the —— 
i y fashion. e nitrates undoubtedly supply nitrogen to the crop ; 
Bena og 5 _ last, planted a ‘rit a eh — and this is the reason why they ere so beneficial ; but Professor 
60-pots, g 1 foo eight ; one of | The sides of the a are pedo gna cen the vi inca | Johnston had shown that they acted also in another way ; for 
which is now 26 feet in height, “i pe 19 feet extent of | rosea, of blossoms. J did not ple —— of land were sown with wheat, the - in tim 
i ircumfe Z i ith anitrate of pota’ soda, andt er left to itself, the for- 
ae +. ee a "ie cic of 3 — ve "4 meet with rt any Palms, but ae one they get the oil from, | Jrer would contain more nitrogen than thelatter, and in greater pro- 
ray ‘ei rom the grou 4 - a * (havi a . ae and the Cocoa Nat. vist striki ry: plant is — 7 cae pot — than the quantity of nitrogen found in the nitrates would 
e other measure eet In heig ing had its | covers every spot of ground for a great e. ape explain. The lecturer thought this might be explained by the supe- 
leader broken last season), and 17 feet 7 inches extent of | Coast; I have found it in s rofusion on any ps! eS Sat in ung ata A rey tae a Sean 
i iy Py Tm) 
umf at 6 inches from the ground, | other part of the coast of Afr The piace is | to derive more nitrogen from the ammonia of the rain-water than 
2 feet 4 inches and a half—and at 3 feet, 20 inches and | Accra: this part of the coast is destitute of the thick | the hich had not been previously now in the same 
oe ‘ et oe e —_ nee shoot, made this season : forest, ww is replaced by large plains of rank grass, in- peer ae th he Se eet erat R. Meeenntorw it euaret 
is a — a re ai i arr ali 4 ad seckiaaa ersperse with small thicket ts of beau! atifa 1 a and a variety in shenaeeiretnten used for plants, which rah a great 
nn a garden in Fifeshir with an or number of ingredients; and provided were deficient, they 
an ~ ow of the Dou ~ Yellow Rose that was pla nted stem ; ; this would be a splendid field fo oa tanical col- | would not grow well, however passers the ground might be sur- 
south wall in a rene _ soil views 0 flower lector to pioenen at for some time, as thee facility ‘for tra- | Charged with some of the ingredients they took up. Hence the 
t cel ‘ soil never seemed to tire of animal manure, because it contained 
7 rece searcely any pruning, velling into the interior from Cape Coast and Accra is | all the in dien ts which the crop uires; and it was therefore 
and the only care given to it pete re the buds began | very Tha regret that the collection which I ed that so: om more s Ene 
to expand: a large basin rth was formed round its made at both these places is oe |) 88 t beset ovens pong one hy Ss a em sat e 
roots, by which a copious supply of water was given once containing them, by the wet weather and a rough sea our rivers, or allow P ; contribating 
ong ee x at a soe in a light sandy which w e had between Accra and the mout! uth of the river. to foster the growth of plants. In conclusion, the Professor 
soil, the Double Yellow Rose in the open border fre- t at Accra stated at some length his reasons for wishing to see established 
p said formed a few flower-buds, but not above two or | the natives; they have also the — kinds that are grown | ""4er Sige we rebuced the to peed feta octet henge bare ron 
ree perfect flowers wer 
jas no! Cane | Catt torm me wee w spot 
~e ing wee maxis - pee com ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
side. The anfoat likely means eh ig the 8 p -d ee in Fa oes -amemmaes man pene po tc ert pear mursrsor ror 
tions of lation (on the birth of the Duke of Rothesay, Prince of Scotland) 
¢ Ss —— “ 
watering the plant in n winter oeitdr: the deans re aati lyetoneed bs sara = tech ror aes Srecusbel bate omen 6 one to Prince Se 
cowhouse, and in summer with a strong decoction of | Dec. 6¢h —Dr. Gens + ; ca ee Jobn Brett was | 1842, when the Duke of Buccleuch was re- President; Pro- 
co-water or some other ingredients, so as either to elected an associate. poe Wen of Scrophularia bsp nero ga- | fessor Dunbar and Sir G. 5. Mackenzie, Bart., were chosen Vice- 
prevent the deposi sit of the eggs or to destroy t the cater- — a ag oo ae one A cei _— - the paren — = — and pene of a woe on ; Mr. te 
the Vegetable Ivory, by M aniel | Greig, jun., an . Lawson, of the Committee 0! izes ; an 
oe This nut, << pro ts of a any of Phytele ot _ | Mr. G. Patton and Dr. Y. Howison, of the Garden Committee, in 
Cameron, Botanic Garden, Birmingham. _ | sessed atbom ro so hard a it woul admit of a me + polish than = — the gentlemen ope gas from office. The 
mir ie pi Under See oe ot ce-bearers were re-elected. new members were 
“Wood End” is at all events wrong in assigning a gut- | tubular semen being tes inated by a blind pouch, palloted for, and added to the roll. Upon a Report by the Com- 
tural ere to this word. Let en at to) as filled with oil. ‘The paper was illustrated by drawings. " | mittee of Prizes, the following prctmieils, Ware ee 
Oblendorff, 2d e “Ch, The remainder of Dr. Gardner’s Saree ae was read on the infiu- | the two best bunches of retarded Grapes, to Mr. J. Goodall, gr. at 
ndo d. p- bs > is ce of the dew-point with regard to the temperature of vegeta- Newbattle Abbey, the kinds being White Muscat of Alexandria, 
Chor, Oral hist x, a the begining of 5 word—< bie, Tho author, bya gris of experiments made withathermo. | Sy afr. J, Robertson, Se ess Gray, Kistinne Casts. 
or, roni ist 5 ic on avyariety of vegetable sul inces, which were ) J. » gr. to L aay, sc - 
is pac te +e : s ean when morn “go consonant ziven s, came to the conclusion,—1. That vegetables are For the prize offered for the best six sorts of Dessert Pears, there 
ary tie] —% Wachs. in wo ithout specific heat. 2. The variations, plus or minus the at. were lo fewer than nine competitors; and after a carefal exami- 
rived from @ Freak it retains its French sound—ex. | mospheric air, spe in plants, are owing chiefly to =~ state of | nation, the Committee recommended the awarding of three pre- 
ees Freecaer by ayo, u; as consonant has a guttu- the dew-point, its ele acento causing waite ease of heat acre miums: the first to Mr. P. Lockhart, gr. to Sa Sn ae 
ral sound,” “ a l’arti eT aoe oy ing evap: i jts depression producing a eat er Beurré, Mar Louise, 
Sack Lock at. gorse éminemiment gutturale”’—ex. | ,y favouring evaporation ; the heat of plants being directly as the Quesnoi, Crassane, and Beurré d’Aremberg; the second to Mr. 
ach, Loch, Buch, Sprache- Everywhere else Ch ‘‘ al’in- | drying power of the air, and inversely as ite diminntion. 3. The | N. Cathie, er. to Lord Abercromby, for Louise bonne of Jersey, 
a —ex. Biicher, Blech, Ich, Ge- rape es of plants is directly isn Sanne ee nog ee at ae reg = a % 
ordi this xia “ +99 | an chemical action going on in their cells, and inversely as e, and Forme le wise 5 . ° - 
at ter be ss Ph ro aan bi a Pooksia,”’ | the radiation, evaporation, and On in vitiew of the soil and air,the | White, gr. to Sir J. Gibson Craig, Bart, for Beurré d’Aremberg, 
shah” Porreet y nancial on; ut ancy ‘* Few- | chemical action tncredine with atmospheric mn esr ‘and | Gansel’s Bergamot, Louise bonne, Crassane, Beurré de Capiau-~ 
5 ie familiar to English ears to be easily eradi- | consequently the amount of heat resuiting therefrom mont, —= eg ee eg oars — — me nid 
naa Pears, Murray, gr. to A. . Esq., for Gros 
Pa. iri ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Lyon, Spanish Son curdles: and Uvedale’s St. Germain. In the 
‘Pp sed Sa Tar and Nitrate of tiger Be ngpteeramnd oe Dee. goth Rin oer’ ones. bow 4 -R.S., Senet’ alecture | departmen’ ae of Apples, 3 —_ sie em quality, oes < 
ni on the ications of 5 arn e lecturer com- | nine Ors, am cellent 
wea on Carrots, and he finds "that those te which the tnenced py stating, that in his observations he should not attempt | voted for Table ‘Apples (six ki Kinds), the first to Mr. W. Sharpe, er. 
Li i i to SirJ.S Richard: or Golden Pippin, Old Ribston, 
The seed was sown nt prescribe to the mem Ts present any mode bs 
rae t week April and k of culture, as to pave the way to new lines of investigation, and | New Ribston, Scarlet chee ous Henperefl, and Winter Straw- 
in April, and the roots were taken up in | to point out the manner in which experiments ought to be prose- perry ; and the second to Mr. Murray, for Nonpareil, New Eng- 
nt 
acumen 2 some of them weighed 16 oz., and measured | cuted, so as to produce results most useful to the public, ane to land Apple, Ross Nonpareil, Ribston, Margil, and Paradise Pip- 
16 in. in length. the persons who undertook them. ‘The various plans of farming | +i0- For Baking Apples (twelve kinds) two prizes were also 
os were in this country very different, and but little reason could be = Sacre teed wt ae blige fey Sate and 
iven for the difference. The most p! ising direction in which tone Pippin, shire Gre: Flam 
6 FOREIGN hf Seeman DENCE. a might hope to attain improvement was in arriving at moreen- Baltimore, Hawthornden, Emperor Alexander, Eve Apple, Tone 
asad Bassa, Wes tC ast of Africa 2, July 11.—We i views with respect to the nog farming, a more | dom Apple, and Fansel Pippin; the other premium to Mr. Wm. 
thoro' understanding of the na the soil we operate | Thom, er. to D. ‘Anderson, Esq., for Yorkshire Greening, Short- 
fortu Whitheld: with whom Itook pon, and of the agents = os co! Ee amelio- | nosed Fulw Coulston Strawberry, - ffness ateteaiees, — 
a tr » with whom Itook | rated. Although a great number of experiments were beingtried, | ter Pomme-Roy, Aitken’s seedling No. . Aitken’s seedling N 
Pp into the Bush for a paler rs. This gentleman | yet, from the want of principles to direct the experimenter, | 2, Emperor Alexander, Old Fulwood, Kentish h Codlin, White = 
pointed to me several of the fruits menti re ime and labour were , and the results were | Carlisle Codlin, and Iris For the bert Nuts 
Don, w which he is’ brin, t 1 of comparatively little value. her error was the loose | (three kinds), My. A. Calder, gr. to G Sligo, Esq.,for 
well as - dre hes and, a | way in which terms were ; and thi especiall: lific, Red-fruited, andCob-wut. For th offered for the best 
a splendid collection of otber plants. At thi tosoils. To prevent such misunderstanding, the lec- | Six stalks of solid ” and white, there were 
be th n. = of fruit, Pi divide soils into the folowing 1. Ar- | six competi them producing excellent specimens ; two 
a tains. pen te _ next | Sillaceous. Soils or no calcareous matter, and | awares were made— the fir _ J. Goodall, the wext to Mr. R. 
p ergs sree iui Cane Mcawatedas above 60 per ceut.of clay. This class is divided into two orders Watson, gr. to D. rson, Esq. The Comm! c that 
this oon tg stoppe rr as | ond three species, according to the presence or absence of small | Some extra articles produced this day deserved premiums and 
s ation saw more of the Tndigenous regettion of | quantities of lime, and the amount of humus. 2. Loamy. Soils thanks. For atray of Marie Louise Pears, of large Sizeand well - 
I possessing from 30 to 50 ~ cent. of ¥ ; also divided into two ed, from the fruit-wall at Luffness. @ premium was assigned 
c orders. and species. 3. Sandy 5 paseeesing from 20 | to Mr. Lockhart, gr. there. Fors otk of Chrysanthe- 
pres speci to 30 per cent. of clay, a ‘subdivided he above. 4. Loamy | mums (15 sorts) a premium was voted to Mr. J. Addison, gr. to 
= eka. men in the Museu of che s Horticaeara Serity, Sands ; containing from 10 to 20 per cent. "a to ae == sent ne ore —— ~ Gosford ; _ kinds being ee Yel- 
sand. 5. Sandy. Soils not containing am 10 p low, Ver ‘nique, Queen, mirabile, conspicuum, Marc! ‘ioness, 
of ee. a uch repute with the a A | of ce Mariy. Soils containing fom 3 to 10 29 per vey ree aa Triumphant, pareve a Surprise, lucidum, insigne, 
co careous matter, divided into fiv ers, according to the quan- virginicum, an arquis. er premium was Yo o Mr. J. 
conspicuons tel is a 2 Garvin with large whit ite “—— wers. | tity of clay. >” Calcareo ils ing more than Bi Blair, er. to the Earlef Roslin, for a specimen of & beautiful by- 
rehidace I a great quantity, but they were | cent. of carbonate of lime. and subdivided according tothe quan- | brid Rh » raised een R. arbéreum album and R. 
Upon the branc “ies pred very large trees, so that | I could + “se tityof clay. 8. Humus Soils; inwhich humus abounds; and divided | caucdsicum. For a basket of ripe Medlars from Pitfour, and for a 
get at them. To attempt to : into three orders, according to the character of the humus. With dish of Sweet Almonds from Kinfauns, thanks were voted. 
out of m ef regard to manures, there were two theories as to how they acted. } Two productions of the day were mentione: ot Scottish, but 
Y¥ power, as it being the rainy season there were One considered them as the food of — the other, as stimu- | highly deserving of notice. The first consisted of a collection of 
bia ae in ve Paes es cultiva te Pine-apples, though they lants to vegetation. Manures may be divided into three classes. | Quinces and Apples, remarkable for their large size and great 
depres g a. vic imp saggy —- a ——— cal prope: be: mt, rom the garden of the Earl of Wemyss, at Stanway, in 
ia Atele: ; as guicklime, carbonate o! e, &e. 
which directly afford nourishment to th 
the of eS ye MADvUTes ; 
arcane tA akgatans oes and . The mode of acti 
: been brought to the settle- tee.clage. re s 
G hea 3 i i would reqairers. Sri cha passe 
the Bush, where it grows im | found im great in 
‘suitable to it, that which 
rage ge taken up as fro e soil, a debtor and creditor account 
of ground in which might be kept with the crop and the soil. 
be drawn up a 
place wanes ae to spare the — _ experiment, by which 
sess 
to the Tast, except that | >? smear caps gpm granary Si i pitied _— 
2 
tt abstracted by a certain amount of any crop from | with a few cxce us, correctly named. 
these tables it was found that a crop of— On Dec. + en mis, commectly namace in the Waterloo Hotel. 
