848 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
cat all 
ISCELLANEO US. 
Antiquities ae _ ract some very 
curious matter relating to this subject, hides Mr. Thomas 
Turner’s ‘ ousehold E 
teach Centur “ies,” as give en = 
read,— 
the Athen -—‘‘ It would appear that brea 
of different degrees of fineness was used ; tie — is 
* bread 5 poe 9 the Countess,’ and : bre the 
kitchen.’ cakes made of bolted four, and realled 
* boletella,’ are eats mentioned, as we as ‘gaste li, cake 8 
or wastels, perhaps biscuits; on one o 
pag rter of flour i is set down for eure: 
to infer that the bread iri used i in the family was 
A f th + lleA tel c-) 
beginning of the sixteenth y, and applied ona 
ture of wheat and rye. As the dogs were _ with c 
it may Lg concluded that the serva fared no worse ; ge 
any rat i isti ice of bre seat ade of bar- 
hich 
used in ;Beanes and other countries. Sp is not Clear that 
ss 
with voalt. The price of 
November, cost 21/7. 14s. 14d. This Say scarcity of | 
indigenous fruits naturally leads | to _the inguiry, what 
foreign kinds t ref term spicery. 
such as almonds, dates, ary raisins, were Pas siege 
ere England in this aie the following porn In the 
time of John and of Henry the Thi rd, Roche le was nsf 
brated for its pears a and conger eels ; the sheri riffs = Lo 
don purchased a 293. 
In the 18th o ward the First, a large Sponish ship | 
came to Port: . out of the cargo of which the Queen 
bought one frail of Se figs, one frail of raisins 
grapes, one ba dates, and two hundred and thirty 
pomegranates, zooms nen seven oranges. he 
t item is imp s Le Gra nd d’Aussy could not 
trace the oge in date than 1333 ; 
here we find it known in England i 0; and it is pro 
able that ne was not its first appear he marriage 
and, uently, to the 
rticles of S 
leather of ¢ Condove, olive- oil, and rice, which had previ- 
_ he rightly 
en. This enes s, which, though nib ea vith ra 
_ oF sin plicity. i in fact renders the —— very 
is also to be found under other heads than wb: ti 
we are told that carbonic ark is poison Fa 
se it co 
. ons ; whilst in tat, 
as we are told in other place 
= me 
scone he raph es trangely 
oe up with nitric acid, ery recy sab ro 
acid. Thus , lime is said t o hay caffini 
oth 
| prt th are used indifferently. 
CALENDAR OF S for t ing Werk. 
dane week’s seats ions epsom pr oe they hi, and with 
onnexion with the Calendar for the present. In looki 
no a remember ma 
Pa canine st wheat ee r = i 0 5s. 8d.; of 
oats, from 2s. to 2s. 4 nty-five sheath Leagan 
were bought at Sai aeich, 4 1s. 10d. When was 
the peter 
brought from the Countess’ '§ manors, some 
r : 
° 
as to the n best The roll show 
at be es m 
eeping: i it was runk as soon as made. 
ee +. 
it with spices and other stro rong nem a 
jor 
ctee 
opera’ at mich this 
an ingredient of English beer 
re was cultivated from a very 
Belgium, where it was both e 
oO 
eral appear, 
ever, tuts t hops were used in this ciliary ee brewing, in 
= rerele of the ae century, as noe rt Kymer, 
on ” prot bre: m barley, 
ES 1 tla (bene bepulate, of malig ae h, thin 
and elear,-welt well boiled, and n ent nor | 
too old, ibe a sound and wh holesome beverage. It is 
that in his time the hop was 
“a ancient days: brewin ng was 
women 
oss certain, 
t grown in Peeps 
ged 
oth century "the _greater part a 
London were oe by females, w 
psn chen ned 01 
e beer houses in 
rewed what they 
entioned only once, eta § in such a man- 
the tty a hase it wa 
ras to con as not in much 
posit ky the Countess en one tun among 
eight hundred paupers. reaien s and Herbs.—* In 
the roll very few esculent plants are mentioned. ben 
and beans, parsley, fennel, onions, green peas a 
w beans, are. the setts Species named. _ Pot- herbs, = 
bons cost 6d, if 
e 
upon the subject of the cultivation of vegetables, in th 
te duri thirteenth a. nturies. 
endive, lettuce, beets, par: 5 ge carrots, cabbages, 
leeks, radi eardoons, were n Fra ance du: ur- 
gro! 
of Charlem magne ; but it 2 doubtful pee 
penetra © Engla 
any of these ¥ 
an early period. 
among the laity. 
the ifteenth century, the g neral produce of the English 
= the Low Coantries, France, and Traly. Gilbert Kymer 
abbage, lettuce, s spinach, beetroot, trefoil, nanan borage, 
through the medium of the merchan f Bayonne and 
to be regretted that the series of Ward- 
Bor dea eaux. _ Itis 
on this is point might have been derived fro At all 
events, it appears certain that Europe is oak to the 
rab conquerors of Spain for the introduction of the 
orange, and not to the wri uese, who are said to have 
brought i — a nglish dessert in the thir- 
teenth oc it i is have been composed 
ury, clear 
chiefly o of dr ied sl: Preverved fruits - haat figs, apples. 
or aa nut s, and the still ¢ dish of almonds and 
rais Spices.— 
e 
the Countess’s accoun ts, viz., anise, cinnamon, galingal, 
2 P 
ere low, upon whic! t the ob- 
es, It must not be supposed from the l6w prices o . 
some of these articles, that they were omen used i 
the apr be : the arrival of a ship laden 
mp 
event of su rtance, and per pi arity, that the 
King ally hast ned to satisfy his wants before the 
cargo was landed. Thus in the det wa 7. a hird, 
upon 
0 por’ oe ere bisa, laden with spices 
and precious merchandise, which were expected fi 
7 them Spreader the fei 
ane “he of many remaining so. 
TCHEN-GARD HARD. 
ae 
—Con' Oo pursue a steady, uniform beeen 
| omeenar the Srface o ot the tan -beds aura Bada 
will do wher are used, s 
a genial atmos: 
e gi ive weleaier? oak the soil in the pot: 
exhausted as by water administered fina a long tube. 
Maceus: and o allow anything to be ire bon mo the 
King had had his chek ice. of their contents. Ae yy 
Te +} Wa 1 
as much as fifteennow. 
ARDEN ga Ne 
Knight's wrsery, King’s Chelsea.—The new stove 
Exotie Ny Road, 
— Ponte splendens, mention: ed at p. 687, promises 
soon to become a blaze of beauty—for at the Sanaa, of 
bi 
o 
4 
® 
ss 
m has root e thin stratum of 
r 5 ine! ay. laid over the goatee and phere 's to its 
In this hotbed a colle: ection of Ixoras ar 
‘e also 
d over ie edet, is still producing an 
e One| of the walls of this 
4 
: dcea, tirgida, and Lindleyana; another 
curious kind densa, which grows very dwarf, and has the 
branches m ed with leaves; it seems to be disposed to 
flower pretty freely. Little else was in flower re, excepting 
eral differe it kinds of E’pacris. A large quantity of s re gs 
have been — hood ———— Indian Azalea, s 
seem as —— they would 
e have yet 
be different from sarge in eultiv 
W. M., Dec. 20. 
Review, 
opular 
py re 
Ridg 
London: J. gway. ek 
x BooK on this bape owe Id 
156. 
concise, and 
intended | 
se of the et a pues re c Peano 
ee 
In rma pity ee Rtonn Dat be uired at Nahe nt. Ifthe bottom 
Ww 95° . aa iat be ‘o the roots, neither 
mien sovl ore fire-heat Athen can possibly be 
opi es leit Sus fruit. ntover up pits early in 
the anaadins and un as the sun strikes them in the 
ening. 
Vin —In the earliest house the temperature 
from 35° to 58° ta if by sun-heat you are en abled to ‘on 
air freely in the ly part of the d ear’ 
here are late Gra rapes, a! 
Ss given b especting them. 
cae mouse. — The heat ae may now be increased 5°; sy- 
ringe d with warmed water, and keep a moist atmosphere; 
pe ir gentle iotish be ee a Satay ee frosty —_ A few 
of S w be ced t 
sed eae mined dete as aan: itis also x it 
situation, as well as the Vinery, for ere Carnations, Pinks, or 
other flowering plants which r M aemag 
in 
any © Pp qur 
and teens here Roses may be transferred to 
sbaaiien of a house devoted to mselves ; ran either case a 
Peach-honse, ros to a dung-frame, will b e found most suitable 
for their earliest d ts. 
Cecvaanns.— ‘Those in pits will require regular supplies of 
water, and a ist atmosphere, with a home oe of 65° fire- 
heat, if the plants are trained near the gl and metieeheios 9 
ic ma 
mystery about their magem 
quired i se: bes culture ot other eit tender-foliaged Pires 
us.—If the wel 
ASPA lants 1 watered as soon as 
show throng he fi overing, as no ae at p. 736, they 
reely n more after. A aohetee rn in proportion to the 
wants of the family, should be put in every three weeks; kag 
kale and Rhubarb, also, should be put in heat, or cov it-of- 
doors, allowiny the same interval between each crop. 
Keep Caulifiower, uce, Radishes, &c., securely a 
from frost, but & them when possible; prepare dung ani 
tan by turning; collect tree-leaves, clean = and repair frames 
and lights ; mix and turn com and other 
or Depari 
With the exception of coreg cane upon ant quarters 
yet undug, and they should now be few, there is ‘euittle i be done ; 
from 
keep t the walks and Bee en | crops Meet - ean and free 
a han a Soe , and Celery, had 
dead leaves. Caulifi rg A Jom ees as 
better have some cueing: 
m 
them from frost 
Orchard.— Proceed with nailing, &c., if the weather will pet” 
mit; mulch borders; examine stored fruit, and preserve the 
perature as near 40° as possi 
sible 
I. Bingen GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY. 
in-door Dep 
= 
cle » purslane, fennel, smallage, t! = artment. 
its eas of tu i aihagaaoyy gt i ep pet ay rte ree Nagi sole a ae bi ts ion to the Orchidacere which ina 
cals tok " -  he~ oie would read i it cheatd rs able to und ers! rene and | now co grow; carefully extirpate insects from all 
He Bnd bea ae A ; the iene were boiled tray er = no account should any matters be intr ise id water ally without —_—- non —s- a oe 
, » that some were e raw, sprin to th bject, tific train creepers ; wash the and rafters ni 4 
and u with olive oil and spi but aaa ions oo f° ate ae brane 4 ings uae pcr mo ik cote a Sey ae 
2° a custom. is is, posh the ee t | took up Mr. Squarey’s book, we were much pleased with | weather will ihe ee 
pee extant of the use of salads in England.” Fru its ethane hitchunks e felt that su k was much | _ G8®=nsouse.—Dispense with fire-heat when Lpoec nt ee 
Pl td kinds named are apples and ree ‘ae needed, and we thought it promised well. It is at all i seoethneten ~rb dues inthe day, w =< “watered. moT® safely. 
por ‘he latter were purchased at Canterbury 3 probably | times pleasanter to ered than to find fault, but we should Pr epere tibia Sor ees bing “Plants Y ase new sticks, and sor’ 
that i — is beli > ae not be doing justice t we did not say that | them; and perform the t trifling operations in the 
Te ge Y grown in England dis. 3 l cleanly mar ; . 
be ra ‘tie >oelipenh € ed, as regards style, | “Sin nee wen Fogle 
Meathice Parisy Seri the g te bal century ; er though | selecti se noe and m ner of ire the subject. plies cf water; as soo p Barone rn expand, - cain 
Metsas +A a? apple wae >i ; tie There pubis in the book which are so wo | toa cool, dry place, which will prolong oe eee non anger 
= cherie ph ene: ear aes sa Gait = ar ordinary. bocca meme? acts would be tet ae ere tobe. mathe re ome cher te’ ~yradeote prc r 
sc: nut, Walnuts, and a ei the would most probably draw false conclusions as | very ot ‘il soft wovded planta A a 
ffs of Londo ra aiecd ¢ = othe r meaning. Wi th the idea of ets ng the sub- | young annuals, and cuttings; do not neglect to give 
for the King’s use. In te ae ; 
f Edward the We eece pe = ‘ost vegetable sper sd wm ‘ontinue to protect beds of cramer paoeanl gee 
onary os ral ores ae mien de ibing th ae i sg asonis an P cme —_ = + eenech weal x - 
s of carbonic acid 
nn Nowy 
tine: dled, hag bee 
| ther permits; repair 
Forest AND caer ween fal and prune when prt a 
| eet open weiner via Paton Ghateworthe 
