190] CELL AND NUCLEAR DIVISION IN FULIGO VARIANS 247 
cytoplasm can divide without any reference to the division of the 
nuclei. The cytoplasm both initiates and completes the process 
of dividing any particular cell mass, while the nuclei are through- 
out in the resting condition in Synchitrium; and, on the other 
hand, in Fuligo it can carry on the cleavage in essentially the 
same fashion simultaneously with nuclear division, without 
apparently being influenced in the least degree by the occurrence 
of the latter. In Fuligo the axes of the nuclear spindles and 
the planes of the cleavage furrows may be inclined at all imagin- 
able angles to each other (figs. 5-7, 8,9). It is always to be 
hoted in these cases _that the cleavage furrow in question is not 
the one destined to separate the daughter nuclei which are in 
process of formation at the time when the furrow is forming. 
The cleavage always lags behind nuclear division, never sep- 
“ating any two daughter nuclei until they have reached at least 
the resting condition, or are themselves engaged in the next fol- 
lowing nuclear division. This latter case, as found in Fuligo, is 
rernally interesting as showing most clearly that the apparatus 
of nuclear and cell division is entirely distinct. The mechanism 
of nuclear division is in full operation while cleavage furrows are 
ages in adjacent regions of the cytoplasm in entire inde- 
here oe It is thus shown that no such conditions exist 
division ig a Osperm formation in the lilies, where, after nuclear 
com omplete, a set of new connecting spindles are formed 
in a resting daughter cells. The mechanism of cell divi- 
a rem is the same as in ordinary cell division, 
e cs. sie upon nuclear division. It is presumptively 
ics. i Haclear division which is in OperaHee in this 
and ieoueatt division, though operating independently of 
divisions ee: id the completion of a long series of nuclear 
the nuclei are i osperm formation we find no cases in wee 
tes are form emselves dividing at the same time that ce 
also dividing os between them and adjacent nuclei which are 
tvidence in the “gs ag contrary, | have observed considerable 
iN cases Where eke of the pollen mother cells of the larch, 
€ first nuclear division is not to be followed by 
sion 
whi 
