278 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [octosEr 
another. This is seen to be the case in the tamarack society, for 
example, where there is a marked morphological resemblance. But 
it is possible to trace the resemblance much further. With this in 
view, the percentages of spring, summer, and autumn blooming 
species were obtained for each society. Fall percentages were taken 
as positive, summer percentages as zero, and spring percentages as 
negative, the results being shown in the accompanying table. A 
TABLE SHOWING PERCENTAGE OF SPRING, SUMMER, AND FALL BLOOMING SPECIES; 
THE PERCENTAGE OF NORTHERN, CONTINENTAL AND TEMPERATE, AND 
SOUTHERN SPECIES IN EACH SOCIETY. 
SPECIES TIME OF BLOOMING GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 
Temper- ee 
No.| Spring | Summer} Fall Northern ote Southern 
No. Society of a + | Value = _ nent ae — 
No | % \No.| % |No.| % No.| % |No.| % | No. | ee 
1 | Juniper-heath..} 5 | 5 |r00 6: |" 0} <0 |: 0 |—100| 4 Bo ~o| e| x] 20| —6 
2 | Black oak 62 | 15 | a4} 45 |73| 2|.3 | —22 | 4 et 29 | 47 | 29 | 47 elec 
3.4 SUMAC. ca 2 |-6 | o| 2|100] o|] o o|.o] 0] 3 [tee | ee Bere 
4 | Oak-hickory...| 26 | 8 | ar} x7] 6s| t| 4| —27| ©] ©| 35 ss ||| +0 
5 Watnut.:. 3c... | 50 | 20 | 40 | 30 | 60] o o | —40 2 4 “25 5° 33 | Oe 
6 | Elm-ash-maple| 46 | 22 | 48 | 24 | 52| 0] o | —48] 6 | 13] 31 | 67 | a ad 
7 | Moist sedge. a) 24 33. a4 OF} 6.) 6 | —33 BR Gee Fe | or} oe 
8 Tamarack... eae ee Ee ee 1 OS | OS | Ts ~9| | 4| 30] o| © on 
| Willow... ... 71 | 32 | 45139] 55| of] o| —45 “28 | 40° 32 | 45 | #5 Bad =< 
to | Water sedge...) 19 | 3} 16] 16! 84] of] 0 | —16 ae 27 33. acd Be” Foe ie 
pa Ge bad - ie +20 
aoe parganium.| 10 ON 7) ° CG: fb — 30 ° ° 8 | 80 ade 
12 | Water oe +34 
ie eed Gio] op 6 yoo |. 6 fs Of O04 ole : OO ee 
Da Waterlily...... ee O44 o bos isos 1 obo o| 0° ~e| 5 [roo ats - 
ae Pondweed.....| 6 | 1|17] 5 | 83| 0] 0] -17'| © oe 6 je | Sie 
curve was then plotted from the summation of such percentages 
The curve suggests that in general similar societies possess similar 
habit. The societies which bloom earliest have a high per cent : 
northern forms. Like many of the willows, poplars, and maples, 
h 
the flowers often appear before the leaves. Also the leaves unfold 
and the fruit matures before more southern types like the oak, hick 
ory, walnut, and sycamore. The bluff societies, except for the juniper 
possess the southern habit. 
