314 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [OCTOBER 
This difference of behavior between pure-bred and extracted whites is sug- 
gestive of CASTLE’s* recently reported results with guinea-pigs, in. which several 
white individuals showed the presence of latent black pigment by transmitting 
it to a certain proportion of their offspring. ‘The whites extracted from the 
non-black members of these crosses proved to be pure albinos incapable of pro- 
ducing black offspring —G. H. SHULL. 
MacDoveat’s has published, with the cooperation of A. M. Vat, G. H 
SHULL, and J. K. SMALL, some of the results of the study of Oenothera that have 
- been made at the New York Botanical Garden. Thus far the attempt to find 
O. Lamarckiana in its native state has been unsuccessful, although herbarium 
and other records make it “fairly conclusive that it is a true and independent 
species, native to America.” That this species has remained unchanged for 
over a hundred years is certain. O. grandiflora, O. Lamarckiana, and O. argilli- 
cola are more closely related to one another than any of them are to O. biennis. 
An expedition by S. M. Tracy undertaken for the purpose of the rediscovery of 
O. grandiflora was successful. O. biennis, as commonly understood, includes 
two or more elementary species, and O. cruciata embraces three such species. 
These facts make it evident that the resolution of a “species” into its elementary 
species is the first requisite for the study of mutation, casual field observations 
being almost worthless. Careful studies were made of hybrids of O. Lamare 
with O. cruciata and O. biennis. The occurrence of known mutants, % 0. 
rubrinervis, O. albida, O. gigas, etc., from a culture of O. Lamarckiana was 
observed, showing that the mutative period of the latter is still present, and that. 
the same mutants may occur in diverse environments. Some hitherto sconces 
mutants were also observed. Results of statistical studies are set forth in sont 
detail; while the mutants show great variability, there is yet a great gap between 
other place. 
them and the parent form. A summary of this paper® is given in ano 
H. C. Cow es. 
Wutte’ has published a preliminary report on the Hymeniales of Connecticut 
illustrated by half-tone reproductions of excellent photographs. 4n€ P't, 
of the report is to compile, so far as possible, a complete list of native spec 
with notes as to the characteristics of the genera.—J. M. C. . 
4 CasTLE, W. E., Heredity of coat characters in guinea-pigs and rabbits. sigh 
of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 
pp. 78, pls. 6. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington. a 
5 MacDoueat, D. T., Vat, A. M., SHuLL, G. H., and SMALL, J. K., » df 
and hybrids of the Oenotheras. Pp. 57. figs. 13. pls. 22. Carnegie Institubo® 
Washington, Publication No. 24. Washington, 1905. Gard 
6MacDoveat, D. T., Studies in organic evolution. Jour. N. Ya 
6: 27-36. 1905. 
7 Waite, Epwarp ALBERT, A preliminary report on 
necticut. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey, Bull. 3. pp- 81- 
the Hymeniales _ 
pls. 40. 1995- 
