416 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JUNE 
SUMMARY. 
1. Winter buds show the stamens well formed, but with no 
perceptible differentiation of the cells of the anther. The car- 
pels are also evident but relatively more rudimentary. 
2. With the early growing conditions of spring there occurs 
the usual differentiation of the anther into sporogenous, tapetal, 
and wall cells. The sporogenous cells separate and form tetrads 
in the usual manner. The inner wall cells are the first to break 
down. The tapetal cells form a sheath about the spores, become 
binucleate, and break down shortly before the spore reaches 
maturity. A relatively small proportion of the spores show the 
division into generative and tube nuclei while still in the anther. 
3. During the first year the carpels fuse so as to form three 
nearly distinct loculi each with two placental folds, upon each of 
which a single ovule develops, but the first indication of an ovule 
appears some time after the renewal’ of growth the following 
spring. 
_ 4. About the time the nucellus is inclosed by the integu- 
ments there is manifest in its upper half a mass of from twenty 
to sixty or more cells of distinct archesporial character. This 
character is evidenced by a larger and clearer nucleus with 
coarser linin network and larger granules, and by the cytoplasm 
of the cell taking a deeper stain than that of neighboring cells. 
5. At length certain cells in the archesporial mass show a 
tendency to develop into megaspores. The race is usually 
yielded to a single cell which develops directly into the mega- 
spore, the second division quickly following the first without the 
previous reorganization of the daughter nuclei of the first divis- 
ion, 
6. Occasionally more than one cell in the same nucellus: 
reaches the four-nucleate stage of the embryo-sac. 
7. The mature embryo-sac contains the usual two groups of 
four nuclei each. There occurs an early fusion of the polar 
nuclei, followed by a copious development of endosperm which 
shows no tendency to run in walls up to the time when the 
embryo is well differentiated. 
