96 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



A large, -well-defined, horizontally ovate humeral spot on upper part of first to 

 fifth scale of lateral line, and above those scales a conspicuous silvery spot on its 

 upper, anterior corner ; a narrow, faint silvery band ; a conspicuous black spot, 

 about as large as the pupil on base of middle caudal rays ; tips of middle half of 

 caudal rays dusky ; anal nearly uniformly dark ; pectorals and ventrals profusely 

 dotted, nearly black. 



One specimen, 92 mm. long. Tabatinga. 



Astyanax bimaculatus borealis, var. nov. 



Tetragonopterus maculatus Steindachner, Fischf. Magd. Stromes, 1878, 42, Uio 

 Magdalena; Fischf. Cauca & Fliisse Guayaquil, 1880, 21, Canca. In nine speci- 

 mens from the Cauca and Magdalena Steindachner had one with 32 anal rays, 

 three with 38, and the rest with between 36-39. This gives 38 as the usual num- 

 ber, and the average 37. The nearest average in any other locality is 32.2. This 

 difference is worthy of nominal recognition. 



Astyanax janeiroensis, sp. nov. 



This species is closely related to A. bimaculatus, but differs conspicuously from 

 typical specimens from Rio de Jauerio in its much more elongate form. 



Head 4; depth 2|; D. 11; A. 27; scales 6-38-5; eye 3.5; interorbital 2|; 

 two maxillary teeth. 



Anal basis equals the space between the dorsals (greater than distance from base 

 of last dorsal ray to tip of adipose in all specimens of A. bimaculatus from Rio). 

 Width of body 2^\ in the depth, (3-3.4). 



A faint basal caudal spot, not continued on the middle rays. 



One specimen, 92 mm. Rio de Janeiro. 



Astyanax goyacensis, sp. nov. 



This specimen differs from all specimens of A. bimaculatus from Goyaz in the 

 shape, so that it could not be confounded with them. It is much more elongate 

 and heavier forward. 



Head 4 ; depth 2f ; D. 11 ; A. 25 ; scales 7-38-5 ; eye 3.4 ; interorbital 2.25 ; 

 width of body 2^\ in its depth (over three in A. bimaculatus). Jaws equal 

 (teeth of outer row of premaxillary exposed in the closed mouth in A. bimacula- 

 tus); second suborbital covering entire cheek (leaving a naked margin iu A. 

 bimaculatus). 



The narrow caudal spot continued to end of middle rays. 



One specimen, 76 mm. (to base of caudal). Goyaz. 



Astyanax brevirhinus, sp. nov. 



Distinguished by the blunt snout. 



Head 34 ; depth 2.4 ; D. 11 ; A. 28 ; scales 6-35-4 ; eye 2.5 ; interorbital 3. 



