noble: avifauna of Newfoundland. 555 



be observed only in a large series ; any one character of the Newfound- 

 land bird can be perfectly matched in our series of Labrador birds. 

 Thus we may say that in the case of this Newfoundland Jay, we have 

 a tendency toward differentiation which has just become fixed. 



This Jay is ubiquitous in Newfoundland, wherever there are woods. 

 During a day's tramp over large stretches of "Mash," bogs of Picea 

 mariana Miller and Larix laricima (Du Roi), no birds are to be met 

 with save the Newfoundland Jay accompanied now and then by a 

 little flock of Acadian Chickadees. The Jays, like the Chickadees, 

 e^'idently seek companionship within their families. Throughout 

 the month of Jul;\', I found many flocks of young birds always accom- 

 panied by one or two old birds, presumably their parents. 



23. CoRVus coRAX PRINCIPALIS Ridgway. 



Four adults, all females, from the Lewis Hills, August 19th to 25th. 



Solitary birds or small flocks were observed along the shores of 

 Deer Lake on several occasions throughout the month of July. A 

 flock of over thirty individuals was found to frequent a restricted 

 area of the Lewis Hills. This was a rocky headland where the birds 

 were accustomed to perch during the morning and evening hours. 



24. CoRVUS BRACHYRHYNCHOS BRACHYRHYNCHOS C. L. Brchm. 



American Crow. 



One young male from Port au Port, August 12th. No other Crows 

 were observed. 



25. EuPHAGUS CAROLiNUS (MiiUer); 

 Rusty Blackbird. 



Nine adults of both sexes from Nicholsville and Spruce Brook, 

 July 5th to September 18th. 



A large number of breeding birds were found in the marshes just 

 east of Nicholsville. Two deserted nests were discovered. Both 

 were in low spruces back of the wet meadow bordering the marsh. 

 Flocks of Rusty Blackbirds passing through Spruce Brook, September 

 1st to 14th, were obser\'ed on several occasions to frequent the garbage 

 cans of the "Log Cabin Hotel." 



