ANTHROPOLOGICAL \Y< IRK IN PERU IN 1913, WITH 



NOTES OX THE PATHOLOGY OF THE 



ANCIENT PERUVIANS 



By DR. ALES HRDLICKA 



CURATOR, DIVISION OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, UNITED STATES NATIONAL 



MUSEUM 



1 With Twexty-Six Plates) 



I. INTRODUCTION 



In 1910 the writer made a brief visit to Peru, resulting in the 

 acquisition of some valuable data and of important skeletal collec- 

 tions, 1 but this gave merely a taste of the anthropological riches of 

 the country and created a strong desire for further work in that part 

 of the South American continent. 



An opportunity to extend the investigations was afforded the early 

 part of the year 1913, in connection with the preparation of anthro- 

 pological exhibits for the Panama-California Exposition at San 

 Diego ; and three busy months were spent on the Peruvian coast and 

 in certain parts of the mountain region of Peru, in exploring the 

 ancient cemeteries. 



Due to adverse climatic conditions, poor means of communication 

 and transportation, the backward state of the people, and the preva- 

 lence of infectious diseases, the journey proved uncommonly difficult. 

 For these reasons and also because of the impossibility of further 

 extending the absence from Washington, it became necessary to limit 

 the territory to be covered. Notwithstanding these conditions how- 

 ever, much was learned, while a large number of the rarer specimens 

 were gathered for further study. 



Before proceeding with the account of what was accomplished,, 

 grateful acknowledgment should be made to the Peruvian authori- 

 ties and to good friends in different parts of the country, for the 

 generous help extended to the expedition. The writer wishes espe- 



1 Reported by the writer in " Some results of recent anthropological explora- 

 tion in Peru," Smithsonian Misc. Coll., Vol. 56, No. 16 (Publication 2005),. 

 Washington, 191 1, pp. 1-16, with 4 plates. 



Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 61, No. 18 



