NO. l8 ANTHROPOLOGICAL WORK IN PERU — HRDLICKA 9 



visited by Tello or his native friends, who secured whatever 

 seemed more valuable of the skeletal remains for the collection that 

 was later sold to Harvard. The " Cinco Cerros " have fortunately 

 escaped, though, like nearly all such locations in Peru the remains 

 were despoiled by the treasure hunters ; and the writer found here 

 some precious cases of trephining as well as some interesting anthro- 

 pological material. 



The results of the exploration about San Damian cannot be 

 fully given before the elaboration of the collections. A number 

 of the most evident facts, however, are as follows : 



The region was settled predominantly by people with a more 

 oblong type of skull, the same as has been found in the neighbor- 

 hood of Matucana and which has before been seen in the Tello 

 collection from the district of Huarochiri. Besides this, however, 

 there were also found remains of what may have been clans in some 

 of the settlements, with a more brachycephalic type of crania ap- 

 proaching those of the coast, At the " Cinco Cerros " ruin, the re- 

 mains of the individuals of this type, who were in minority, occupied 

 one separate burial house. 



The long and other bones showed that throughout the region the 

 people were well-built and of fair stature. Also they were a 

 people remarkably free from such constitutional diseases as would 

 leave marks on the bones, for pathological specimens among the 

 tatter were very scarce. Injuries of the various parts of the skele- 

 ton were also rare, but on the other hand wounds of the skull were 

 common. These wounds were evidently due in a large majority 

 of the cases to sling shots and clubs, and often when the injury was 

 not immediately fatal, the subject would be operated on by tre- 

 panation. 



The peculiar burial houses met with in this region and later on 

 in other parts of the district of Huarochiri, deserve a special men- 

 tion (pis. 3 and 4). They are structures from 8 to over 30 feet long, 

 about three feet inside and five and one-half feet in outside 

 diameter, with walls approximately four feet high, and a flat or a 

 low A-shaped roof rising from one to two and one-half feet higher. 

 Few of those seen may have exceeded somewhat these dimensions. 

 The walls where finished are generally seen to have been quite well- 

 built of unhewn stones. They were covered by big slabs reaching 

 from side to side, and on these were placed flat stones in an offset 

 manner in such a way as to form sort of eaves on each side and rise 

 to a convex or a bi-sloped roof. The interstices among the roof 



