NO. l8 ANTHROPOLOGICAL WORK IN PERU — HRDLldKA 23 



skull was rare — both features in which the population represented 

 in the cemetery concurred more with the mountain tribes than with 

 those of the coast. 



The age of this cemetery could not be determined. The bodies 

 showed many remains of the soft parts, which were not entirely 

 dry. Also there was still considerable odor to some of the 

 remains. The burials, however, were all in the contracted position. 

 the fabrics were strictly of native material, design and manufac- 

 ture, and no objects indicating contact with whites were encountered 



The burials farther to the north lay in the path of a shallow 

 stream in which there is seldom any water ; nevertheless we were 

 informed that after a late freshet a number of the skulls and bones 

 that lay on the ground had been washed away or covered. The 

 skulls that remained, though mostly imperfect, showed the ordinary 

 coast type of people. On and beyond the northern bank of the wash 

 are various refuse heaps. 



The ruins on the hill three miles to the northwest of Chilca are 

 evidently the remains of a settlement, and possibly a fortification, 

 of the people who cultivated the lowlands among the dunes which 

 surround the hill from the southwest to the southeast. They buried 

 principally in and at the foot of the slopes of the hill, and in the 

 dunes. The skeletal remains resemble those of Pachacamac in every 

 respect, including the admixture with the more oblong-headed 

 type. Considerable fighting must have taken place about this hill, 

 judging from the number of skulls showing wounds. Of 11 skulls 

 found at the foot of the slope to the southeast, nine presented trau- 

 matic lesions which must have been mortal. The excavations in 

 these localities were not recent and the exposed skeletal material 

 was in general in a poor state of preservation. 



No other ruins or cemeteries were heard of in the near neighbor- 

 hood of Chilca, but important archeological remains are reported 

 to exist to the southeast, on the Rio Mala, in the vicinity of Calango. 

 These, as well as other ruins on that river and on the one a few 

 miles farther south, were indicated on his map by Raimondi (see 

 pi. 12). Still farther to the southward, about Cafiete, other ruins 

 exist, including the " Incahuasi " described by Larrabure ' ; and these 

 are followed, farther southward, by the ruins and huacas of the 

 region of Chincha and Tambo de Mora, bey mi. 1 which one enters 

 the region of lea and Nasca. 



' Larrabure y Unanue. E.: Incahuasi. 8vo, Lima, 1912, pp. 1-16. 



