NO. l8 ANTHROPOLOGICAL WORK IN PERU — IIKOLICKV 57 



(3) The extension and exact physical characteristics of the Aymara ; 

 and (4) The physical identity of the Ouechua. Besides this it will 

 be of great importance to determine archeologically the exact rela- 

 tions of culture to the physical type of the people. The writer must 

 repeat again what he wished to accentuate in his former report, 

 that, due to the lack of scientific supervision of the vast majority of 

 the excavations practiced in Peru to the present date, the actual 

 archeological collections from that country in the museums are little 

 more than so many curiosities, which for the most part it is impossible 

 to refer either to any definite people or period. For some time there 

 was hope that the work of the National Museum at Lima would throw- 

 light on these subjects ; but that work has stopped and lately the mu- 

 seum, so far as anthropological and archeological interests are con- 

 cerned, has much retrograded. It is earnestly to be wished that the 

 Peruvian Government might assist anthropological investigations in 

 its extensive territories, and especially that it might itself do every- 

 thing in its power, before it is too late, to gather the data and material 

 which are of fundamental importance to the American anthro- 

 pologist. 1 



X. APPENDIX A. SPECIAL NOTES ON SOME OF THE 



PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS SHOWN BY THE 



SKELETAL MATERIAL OF THE ANCIENT 



PERUVIANS 



SYMMETRIC OSTEOPOROSIS OF THE SKULL 



A peculiar disease, or a manifestation of a disease, occurring 

 quite commonly in infancy among the prehistoric Peruvians of the 

 coast (pi. 24). Found by the. writer in 1910 at Pachacamac and 

 Chicama, and at all other parts of the coast that were examined 

 in 191 3. It was absent in the mountains, and along the coast its 

 frequency and perhaps its grade differed from locality to locality. 



This condition of the skull began to manifest itself in infancy 

 or early childhood. The osseous changes were, so far as could be 

 determined, limited to the cranium, all other parts of the skeleton 

 remaining normal. In all probability they represented not a local 



1 Since the above was written the welcome news has reached the writer that 

 by a decree of the President of Peru, the Anthropological and Archeological 

 parts of the Museo Nacional have been separated from the Historical and 

 placed in charge of the energetic young Dr. Julio C. Tello. 



