304 BULLETIN OF THE 



or absence of a columella does not enter. The cyclostoma is a very elegant 

 shell, of seven whorls, elongated, and separated by a distinct interval from one 

 another, with ten or twelve longitudinal elevated costce which unite them- 

 selves to form a reflected margin around the lip. It has no columella, the 

 costse take the place of one externally." Following this is a list, with descrip- 

 tions and references, of four well known species of Scalaria, two species of 

 Turhonillaj and two unidentifiable new species, of which one (probably a Val- 

 vata) is from the warm springs of Pisa. The type. Turbo scaJaris L., is figured, 

 pi. xxxii. fig. 3. Had matters stopped here, all would have been w^ell. But 

 in 1801 Draparnaud in his "Tableau des Moll, de la France" (p. 40) assigns 

 a large number of land and fresh-water shells to Cyclostoma, at the instance, 

 according to Cuvier, of Lamarck, who in that year published his " Systeme des 

 Animaux sans Vertebres," in which several arbitrary and unexplained changes 

 are made. The name Cyclostoma is applied (p. 87) to a new genus, of which 

 the sole example offered is the Tuj^bo delphinus of Linne, and a new name, 

 Scalaria, is proposed (p. 88) for the group typified by Turbo scalaris L. As 

 if this were not enough, two years later, in a memoir on the fossil shells of the 

 environs of Paris (An. du Museum, IV. p. 108, 1804), after saying that in the 

 " Systeme" there were still marine and terrestrial shells in his Cyclostoma, La- 

 marck proposes to eliminate the marine ones, and takes the Turbo delphinus L. 

 as the type of a new genus, Delphinula. The Cyclostoma then remaining is 

 a heterogeneous collection of Vivipara, Valvata, Cyclostoma (elegans'), Cyclo- 

 phorus, etc., a number of which do not agree wdth the original diagnosis of 

 1799. Draparnaud adopted this classification in his " Terrestrial and Fluvia- 

 tile Mollusks of France " (p. 25), in 1805, and Roissy in his " History of 

 Mollusca" (V. p. 300), in the same year. Dumeril also adopted it, changing 

 the orthography and making it masculine in termination, as it was his hobby 

 to do with all generic names. 



Scalaria for the Turbo scalaris group was adopted by Link in 1807,* Fischer 



* Beschreibung | der | Naturalien-Sammlung | der | Universitat zu Rostock. I 

 Erste Abtheilung. | Von | D. H. F. Link, | Professor der Naturgeschichte, Chemie 

 und Botanik und verschiedener | Gelehrten-Gesellschaften Mitgliede. | Zugleich | 

 empfiehlt derselbe als jetziger Rector der Universitat | die | wiirdige Feyer des 

 Weihnachtsfestes. | Rostock den 25sten December, 1806. | Gedruckt bey Adlers 

 Erben. | Svo. 1 pr. 1., pp. 1-50. (Covers Mammals and Birds.) 



Zweyte AbtheiUmg : Rostock den 29sten Marz, 1807. 1 pr. 1., pp. 51-100. (Cov- 

 ers Amphibians, Snakes, Fishes, Crustacea, Insects, and part of the Mollusca.) 



Dritte Abtheilung: Rostock den ITten May, 1807. 1 pr. 1., pp. 101-1G5. (Re- 

 mainder of Mollusks, with Echinoderms and Corals.) 



Vierte Abtheilung: Rostock den 25sten December, 1807. 1 pr. 1., pp. 1-30. 

 (Fossils of all sorts.) 



Fiinfte Abtheilung : Rostock den 17ten April, 1808. 1 pr. 1., pp. 1-38. (Min- 

 eralogie.) 



Sechste und letzte Abtheilung: Rostock den 5ten Junius, 1808. 1 pr. 1., pp 

 1-38. (Metals and Ores, together with Errata, etc.) 



No apology is needed for giving the collation of this rare work, of which only 

 April 12, 1889. 



