FOLSOM : MOUTH-PARTS OF AXURIDA MARITIMA. 



117 



of the " bypopharynx,'"' which term, then, may refer collectively to the 

 liuL,'ua and " snperlinguEe." The necessity for this new term, also 

 brought out on page 132, will appear from the following synonymical 

 table : — 



Among Pterygota, the term " hypopharynx " of Savigny is fixed in 

 application, although the compound nature of the organ is not gener- 

 ally known. Synonymous with " hypopharynx " are the following terms 

 (see also Packard, '98, p. 71) : lingua (Savigny, '16), ligula (Kirby 

 and Spence, '28), langue ou languette (Duges, '32), lingua (Westwood, 

 '39, p. 9), tongue (Taschenberg, '79), hypopharynx (Dimmock, '81 ; 

 Burgess, '80, and most others). 



"Ligula," "glossa," and "paraglossae" are terms established in 

 Pterygota, but less fixed in the little-known Apterygota, and therefore 

 more easily discarded in the latter group, as advised on pp. 132-133. 

 " Maxillulae " and " second maxillae " as applied to superlinguse are un- 

 fortunate because based upon unproved homological assumptions. The 

 need for a new term, then, becomes evident. I have therefore suggested 

 " superlinguce.^^ 



In Scolopendrella authors have omitted to mention whether the hypo- 

 pharynx is present or not. 



Referring to Diplopoda, however, to which Scolopendrella is most 

 nearly related, Packard ('98, p- 13) says, "The hypopharynx, our ' labi- 

 ella' (Figure 6), with the supporting rods, or stili linguales (sfi. L), of 

 Meinert, are of nearly the same shape as in some insects." Latzel (Taf. 

 IX. Figur 104 ; Taf. VI. Figur 72) represents " ein Zwischensttick der 



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