FOLSOM: mouth-parts of ANUrJDA MAKITIMA. 123 



Tav. 11. Figure 2, 3, 6, 8 ; v. Stuinmer-Traunfels, '91, Taf. I. Figureu 

 4, 10) has a two-lobed galea and a four-lobed lacinia. 



' 111 Japyx, thauks to Meinert's figure ('65, Taf. XIV. Figur 8), the 

 muscles may be clearly homologized with those I ('99, Plate 3, Figures 

 20, 21) have described for Orchesella. As Meinert did not designate 

 the muscles, I can simply say that they severally correspond with those 

 labelled by me 3. add., 4- cdd., 10. add., 7. add. or 9. prH. add., and one 

 muscle with both 5. pr't. add. aud 6. %>r't. add., while one of two others 

 probably represents 8. ret. add. 



In Lepisiua, according to Heymons ('97% p. 592, Taf. XXX. Figuren 

 13, IS, 17, 20), the fundament of the first maxilla forms the pal- 

 pus, at the base of which appears a mesal lobe, which itself divides 

 to form galea and lacinia. This account is, then, at variance with mine 

 on Anurida, that of Uzel on Campodea, and that of Ayers for the Orthop- 

 teran genus CEcanthus, and is, so far as I know, unsupported by the re- 

 sults of other authors. In fact, Figure 13 of Heymons even suggests 

 that the palpus is a lateral lobe of the primary fundament, as I have 

 found it to be in Anurida. As to the origin of the three first maxillary 

 lobes, Uzel, Heymons, and myself disagree, as I have said. Uzel's 

 account agrees Avith mine, in so far as he makes the palpus a lateral 

 evagination of the primary, or stipal, fundament ; and Heymons, like 

 myself, derives both lacinia aud galea from the inner lobe of a biramous 

 appendage. 



In its final form, the first maxilla of Lepisma is easily recognized as 

 homologous with that of other Thysanura, but approaches remarkably 

 the same organ in Orthoptera, especially that of the Blattidte. As in 

 other Apterygota, the stipes (v. Sturamer-Traunfels, '91, Taf. II. Figur 

 11 ; Muhr, '77, Taf. VII. Figur 45) has a basal opening, cardo, distinct 

 head, galea, and lacinia, and the origin of the muscles (Oudemans, '88, 

 p. 187) "findet man auch hier an Chitinstlicken im Kopfe." The 

 palpus in Lepisma, however, is five-jointed, as in Orthoptera. "What I 

 call galea and lacinia are also, in this particular case, named " Ausseu- 

 lade" and " Innenlade " by v. Stummer-Traunfels. 



Machilis is nearer than Lepisma to Campodea and Collembola in the 

 structure of the first maxillae. As may be seen from the figures by 

 Oudemans ('88, Taf. II. Figur 27) aud v. Stummer-Traunfels ('91, 

 Taf. II. Figuren 8, 9, 10), the positions of the cai'do, stipes, galea, 

 lacinia, and palpus are exactly comparable in the three groups. The 

 palpi in Machilis, to be sure, are seven-jointed, aud a palpiger is present, 

 as in Orthoptera. The structure identified by v. Stummer-Traunfels as 



